[Paleontology • 2018] Reanalysis of the Phylogenetic Status of Nipponosaurus sachalinensis (Ornithopoda: Dinosauria) from the Late Cretaceous of Southern Sakhalin ---ScRaBBlE

Nipponosaurus sachalinensis Nagao, 1936

in Takasaki, Chiba, Kobayashi, et al., 2018

ニッポノサウルス || DOI: 10.1080/08912963.2017.1317766 

 blogs.yahoo.co.jp  twitter.com/NHK_n_sp

Abstract

Nipponosaurus sachalinensis is the only definitive lambeosaurine hadrosaurid from Sakhalin Island of Russia. Previous studies suggested it was a member of Lambeosaurini (derived lambeosaurines). However, its phylogenetic status within Lambeosaurini remains controversial. In addition, some studies argued the juvenile ontogenetic stage of the holotype and regarded Nipponosaurus as an invalid taxon. In order to solve these problems, its definite growth stage is determined through histological studies. Absence of a line of arrested growth, presence of osteons with large vascular spaces, and presence of primary bone remnants even in the highly modified regions of the femur confirm that the holotype was a juvenile. More than a hundred of the 350 characters used to determine the phylogenetic position of Nipponosaurus are ontogenetically variable characters based on the different ontogenetic stages of Hypacrosaurus stebingeri. Our phylogenetic analysis reveals that Nipponosaurus is a basal lambeosaurine hadrosaurid, much further down in the tree than previously suggested, and shows a polytomy with Blasisaurus and Arenyisaurus. This study also indicates that Nipponosaurus is a valid taxon because it possesses unique characters within the Lambeosaurinae (presence of massive surangular anterodorsal process, presence of lateral shelf of the dentary, and a relatively short ulna), which are independent of ontogeny.

Keywords: Dinosaur, Ornithopoda, Hadrosauridae, Nipponosaurus, ontogeny, histology

Cross section of a thighbone of Nipponosaurus (A) with an enlarged photo of the rectangular area (B). The latter shows the changing directions of the vascular canals.  

ニッポノサウルスの孤独 - GET AWAY TRIKE !
 blogs.yahoo.co.jp/rboz_05/35175912.html   

    

facebook.com/MuseumHokudai

Conclusions:

 Histological observations provide the first direct evidence that Nipponosaurus is an immature specimen. By comparing different ontogenetic stages of H. stebingeri and reviewing previous studies, up to 102 characters previously used in phylogenetic analyses are considered ontogenetically controlled within Hadrosauridae. Our phylogenetic analysis positions Nipponosaurus within a monophyletic clade of Arenysaurus and Blasisaurus, which has a sister clade relationship with the clade comprised of Parasaurolophini and Lambeosaurini. This newly recovered phylogenetic position supports a strong affinity of Asian and European lambeosaurids. The resulting relationships of this genus suggest that this taxon is valid, and represents one of the few hadrosaur specimens in Far East Asia.

Ryuji Takasaki, Kentaro Chiba, Yoshitsugu Kobayashi, Philip J. Currie and Anthony R. Fiorillo. 2018. Reanalysis of the Phylogenetic Status of Nipponosaurus sachalinensis (Ornithopoda: Dinosauria) from the Late Cretaceous of Southern Sakhalin. Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology.  5; 694-711.   DOI: 10.1080/08912963.2017.1317766

facebook.com/MuseumHokudai/posts/1569884383051928

 ニッポノサウルスの孤独 - GET AWAY TRIKE ! - Yahoo!ブログ  blogs.yahoo.co.jp/rboz_05/35175912.html
#ブログ #その他自然科学 #鳥脚類

https://twitter.com/GET_AWAY_TRIKE/status/753061281825820672

 twitter.com/NHK_n_sp/status/860992715202240513

【動画】NスペPlus 7200万年前の巨大恐竜“むかわ竜”がよみがえる！ - 世界でも珍しい全身骨格化石を手がかりに、“むかわ竜”の姿をよみがえらせました。　#むかわ竜 #恐竜 #化石  nhk.or.jp/special/plus/videos/20170522/index.html

Unraveling the mysteries of Nipponosaurus phys.org/news/2017-06-unraveling-mysteries-nipponosaurus.html via @physorg_com

Duck-Billed Dinosaur Is Japan’s Largest Complete Fossil asianscientist.com/2017/06/in-the-lab/largest-dinosaur-skeleton-nipponosaurus

    

---------------------------------------------------------------

روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Paleontology • 2018] Bacteria meet the "Titans": Horizontal Transfer of Symbiotic Microbiota as A Possible Driving Factor of Sociality in Dinosaurs ---ScRaBBlE

a nesting site of Maiasaura peeblesorum Horner & Makela, 1979.

in Romano & Farlow, 2018.

DOI: 10.4435/BSPI.2018.05

Artwork by D. Bonadonna (davidebonadonna.it).

  

In the last decades several new dinosaurs species have been described from both Laurasia and Gondwana and a complex, multi-dimensional picture of the physiology, evolution and behavior of dinosaurs has emerged. One of the central elements of new discoveries is the recognition of a complex sociality in this vertebrate clade, especially in herbivorous taxa. Herbivores are not genetically provided with the enzymes needed to break down and metabolize cellulose, thus need gut symbiotic bacteria communities, able to digest plant-derived materials. In this short contribution, we discuss the hypothesis that precisely the need to horizontally exchange bacteria among individual ls of different ages, has triggered a growing sociality in herbivorous dinosaurs.

.....

Fig. 1: Reconstruction of a nesting site of the hadrosaur Maiasaura peeblesorum Horner & Makela, 1979. In the foreground, a juvenile hadrosaur ingests the feces of its mother, to acquire the bacteria necessary to break down and metabolize cellulose and fibrous plant tissues. In the background, an adult Maiasaura lays eggs in the nest.

Artwork by Davide Bonadonna (davidebonadonna.it).

 twitter.com/D_Bonadonna

Marco Romano and James O. Farlow. 2018. Bacteria meet the "Titans": Horizontal Transfer of Symbiotic Microbiota as A Possible Driving Factor of Sociality in Dinosaurs.  Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana. DOI: 10.4435/BSPI.2018.05

Researchgate.net/publication/324941784_Bacteria_meet_the_titans 

 twitter.com/D_Bonadonna/status/992405965986258944

facebook.com/DavideBonadonna1/photos/1368900019878465

---------------------------------------------------------------

روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Paleontology • 2017] Redescription of A Remarkably Large Gryposaurus notabilis (Dinosauria: Hadrosauridae) from Alberta, Canada ---ScRaBBlE

Two large raging bull gryposaurs fight for supremacy of the herd in violent clash on alluvial plains of Canada, 76 million years ago. 

 Bertozzo, Dal Sasso, Fabbri, et al., 2017. 

 Memorie della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano. 43.

Illustration: Davide Bonadonna.

 cienzafacile.it 

Abstract 

 MSNM V345 is a partial skeleton of the North American hadrosaur species Gryposaurus notabilis, Lambe 1914, dis-covered in 1922 in the Dinosaur Park Formation of Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta, Canada. It was shipped in several crates to the Museo di Storia Naturale di Milano (MSNM), Italy, where it arrived in October 1958. Careless transportation during its long journey to Milan meant that the skeleton arrived extremely damaged and required heavy restoration work by MSNM staff.

A preliminary study of the specimen was conducted by Vittorio Vialli in 1960 while part of it was still under preparation. That study was followed by a more detailed, although still partial, osteological description by Giovanni Pinna in 1979. On the centennial of the species’ discovery, we decided to examine the specimen in even greater detail in order to improve knowledge on the dinosaur’s skeletal anatomy and help clarify the taxonomy of the genus.

Here, we redescribe the dinosaur’s osteology, focusing on unpublished elements, such as metapodials, phalanges, sacral vertebrae, and some caudal vertebrae, recently discovered to be located at the MSNM. Isolated appendicular elements found at the same quarry and tentatively referable to other individuals of the same taxon or to other dinosaur species are also briefly mentioned. Histological analysis of a core obtained from the femur revealed that it was made of fibrolamellar bone with a high number of Haversian systems. The presence of an external fundamental system indicates that the individual was fully adult at the moment of death.

Of note, the skeletal remains present with traces of at least four pathological conditions: a cavity in the predentary is speculated to be the result of osteomyelitis; the fifth dorsal vertebra is fused to the left rib through a overgrowth of bone, and is interpreted as osteosclerosis subsequent to a fracture; the neural spine of the 26th caudal vertebra is fractured and healed, and the centrum has a strap of bone growing up to the side of the preceding centrum, explainable as idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis.

A review of the skeletal reconstructions of the genus is also presented, followed by a summary of the skin remains and remarks on other anatomical traits. Altogether, the new data obtained on MSNM V345 have allowed us to present a more accurate and up-to-date skeletal reconstruction and in vivo restoration of G. notabilis.

Keywords: Hadrosauridae, Cretaceous, osteology, palaeopathology, anatomical illustration. 

scienzafacile.it

Two large raging bull gryposaurs fight for supremacy of the herd in violent clash on alluvial plains of Canada, 76 million years ago. Digital painting by Davide Bonadonna.

 Nelle piane alluvionali del Canada, 76 milioni di anni fa, due grossi maschi bellicosi di griposauro danno vita a un violentissimo scontro per la supremazia all’interno del branco. Illustrazione digitale e di Davide Bonadonna

scienzafacile.it

Reconstruction of Gryposaurus based on specimen MSNM V345.

drawing: Marco Auditore.

CONCLUSIONS: 

Specimen MSNM V345 is a large, robust individual of Gryposaurus notabilis. Our re-examination of all its bones housed at the MSNM has allowed us to revise previous estimates on the completeness of the skeleton, which now reaches 32.68% (39.54% when taking into account the hid-den cranial bones, and 48.37% when duplicating existing counterlateral elements). The skull of MSNM V345 is one of the largest known for Gryposaurus. Our recalculation of the size of the skeleton, which takes into account the spaces occupied in vivo by intervertebral and epiphyseal cartilage, gives us an overall length of 800 cm in a neutral pose and a height at the hip of 315 cm. The osteology of the individual shows features related to other G. notabilis specimens: a dorsoventrally narrow orbit, infratemporal fenestra twice higher than wide, a well-developed nasal arch, wide and irregular ventral embayment of the jugal, a long and narrow quadratojugal, a predentary with nine large denticles placed asymmetrically, and a tall neural spine on the second caudal vertebra.

The advanced ontogenetic age of the skeleton – which likely belonged to a senile individual – is corroborated by palaeohistological analysis showing the presence of EFSs and several generations of Haversian systems in a femur, indicative of a specimen that was fully adult at time of death.

Finally, this individual was affected by several skele-tal disorders. The predentary bears a large, central fora-men located in the caudomedian plane of the bone. The histology of this anomaly reveals the presence of large resorption cavities and a randomised pattern of osteocytes, indicators of osteomyelitis. The transverse process of dorsal vertebra 5 is fused with the proximal region of the rib, affected by an abnormal overgrowth of bone tissue. CT-scanning of this vertebra indicates hyper-trophied osteosclerosis likely consequent to traumatic fracture. The caudal vertebrae 25 and 26 had their cen-tra fused together, with that of vertebra 25 broken into two halves. CT-scanning indicates that this condition might represent skeletal hyperostosis or haemangioma.

Gryposaurus notabilis is one of the first hadrosaurs depicted for the general audience. Nevertheless, it is not as popular as other duck-billed dinosaurs, such as Edmontosaurus, Parasaurolophus, or Corythosaurus. We have proposed new skeletal and in vivo restorations using the anatomical data obtained from our analysis.

  

Filippo Bertozzo, Cristiano Dal Sasso, Matteo Fabbri, Fabio Manucci and Simone Maganuco. 2017.  Redescription of A Remarkably Large Gryposaurus notabilis (Dinosauria: Hadrosauridae) from Alberta, Canada. Memorie della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano. 43.

  Researchgate.net/publication/325061036_Redescription_of_Gryposaurus_notabilis 

 twitter.com/PaleoAppi/status/958300673019400192

 twitter.com/d_bonadonna/status/959059219285708800

 scienzafacile.it/2018/02/24/alla-riscoperta-del-griposauro-di-milano/
facebook.com/notes/paleontologia-e-paleoarte/dalle-badlands-canadesi-a-milano-il-lungo-viaggio-di-gryposaurus-e-la-sua-riscop/1724934467559267/

 facebook.com/ArchaeologyatQueensBelfast/posts/1025721830900041

---------------------------------------------------------------

روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.