[Bryophyta • 2018] Sphagnum incundum • A New Species in Sphagnum subg. Acutifolia (Sphagnaceae) from Boreal and Arctic Regions of North America ---ScRaBBlE

Sphagnum incundum  Flatberg & Hassel

in Kyrkjeeide, Hassel, Shaw, Shaw, Temsch & Flatberg, 2018.

 DOI:  10.11646/phytotaxa.333.1.1 

Abstract
We describe Sphagnum incundum in Sphagnum subgenus Acutifolia (Sphagnaceae, Bryophyta). We used both molecular and morphological methods to describe the new species. Molecular relationships with closely related species were explored based on microsatellites and nuclear and plastid DNA sequences. The morphological description is based on qualitative examination of morphological characters and measurements of leaves and hyalocysts. Morphological characters are compared between closely related species. The results from Feulgen densitometry and microsatellite analysis show that S. incundum is gametophytically haploid. Molecular analyses show that it is a close relative to S. flavicomans, S. subfulvum and S. subnitens, but differs both genetically and in morphological key characters, justifying the description of Sphagnum incundum as a new species. The new peatmoss is found in North America along the western coast of Greenland, in Canada from Quebec and Northwest Territories, and Alaska (United States). The new species has a boreal to arctic distribution.

Keywords: Bryophytes, Sphagnaceae

FIGURE 8. Sphagnum incundum in field surface view.
A: The type collection including selected holotype and isotypes. Collected in Ivujivik, Quebec, Canada, in intermediate, slightly sloping arctic fen.

Photo by K. I. Flatberg, 4 July 2007. Flatberg 314-07 (TRH B-9718). 

B: Together with S. squarrosum, both with young sporophytes. From Inukjuak, Quebec, Canada, in topogenous, rich fen lawn in arctic mire.

Photo by K. I. Flatberg, 14 August 2007. Flatberg 451-07 (TRH B-9999). 

Sphagnum incundum Flatberg & Hassel sp. nov. 

 Diagnosis:— Sphagnum incundum is in macro-morphology recognized by slender shoots with predominantly brownorange to purple-red capitula and straight and non-recurved leaves on innermost capitulum branches on dry plants. In micro-morphology, it is foremost recognized by narrowly lingulate stem leaves with acute to acute-obtuse apices, strongly S-shaped stem leaf hyalocysts with common occurrence of faint fibrils in distal leaf-parts, and divergent branch leaf hyalocysts on distal end convex surfaces with pores usually occupying between 1/3 and 1/2 of cell width. The new species is gametophytic haploid and closely allied morphologically to S. flavicomans, S. subfulvum, and S. subnitens.

Etymology:— The specific epithet is derived from the Latin adjective incundus = pleasant, agreeable, delightful.

 Distribution:— West Greenland, Canada in Quebec, Nunavut and North West territories, and U.S.A in Alaska. Currently known from the northern boreal to middle arctic vegetation zone. 

Ecology:— Sphagnum incundum in arctic localities in West Greenland, and Nunavik, Quebec, occurs in arctic mires on shallow peat in intermediate and rich fens, partly forming small mats and low cushions on gently sloping, soligenous mire, partly growing in small patches on lawn and carpet mire. The most commonly associated sphagna in both regions were S. concinnum (Berggr.) Flatberg (2007: 88), S. squarrosum, S. teres and S. warnstorfii Russow (1886: 315). In the boreal Anchorage area, Alaska, it was found growing in a large fen mire on high lawn patches in topogenous, varyingly intermediate to rich fen vegetation, associated with S. papillosum Lind. (1872: 280), S. subfulvum and S. miyabeanum Warnstorf (1911: 321). In Bethel area, Alaska, it occurred scattered on intermediate fen lawns in tundra mire.

 Magni Olsen Kyrkjeeide, Kristian Hassel, Blanca Shaw, A. Jonathan Shaw, Eva M. Temsch and Kjell Ivar Flatberg. 2018. Sphagnum incundum A New Species in Sphagnum subg. Acutifolia (Sphagnaceae) from Boreal and Arctic Regions of North America. Phytotaxa. 333(1); 1–21. DOI:  10.11646/phytotaxa.333.1.1

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[PaleoMammalogy • 2017] A Basal Ursine Bear (Protarctos abstrusus) from the Pliocene High Arctic reveals Eurasian Affinities and A Diet Rich in Fermentable Sugars ---ScRaBBlE

Reconstruction of the mid-Pliocene Protarctos abstrusus in the Beaver Pond site area during the late summer. An extinct beaver, Dipoides, is shown carrying a tree branch in water. Plants include blackcrowberry (Empetrum nigrum) with ripened berries along the path of the bear, dwarf birch (Betula nana) in foreground; sweet gale (Myrica gale) carried by the beaver, sedges in water margins, flowering buckbeans along the mounds behind the beaver, and larch trees in distant background.

 Art by Mauricio Antón based on research of this paper

 and with input on plant community from Alice Telka. 

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17657-8

Abstract

The skeletal remains of a small bear (Protarctos abstrusus) were collected at the Beaver Pond fossil site in the High Arctic (Ellesmere I., Nunavut). This mid-Pliocene deposit has also yielded 12 other mammals and the remains of a boreal-forest community. Phylogenetic analysis reveals this bear to be basal to modern bears. It appears to represent an immigration event from Asia, leaving no living North American descendants. The dentition shows only modest specialization for herbivory, consistent with its basal position within Ursinae. However, the appearance of dental caries suggest a diet high in fermentable-carbohydrates. Fossil plants remains, including diverse berries, suggests that, like modern northern black bears, P. abstrusus may have exploited a high-sugar diet in the fall to promote fat accumulation and facilitate hibernation. A tendency toward a sugar-rich diet appears to have arisen early in Ursinae, and may have played a role in allowing ursine lineages to occupy cold habitats.

Figure 2: Right (A) and left (B) lateral views of the skull of Protarctos abstrusus (CMN 54380), composite laser scans of five individual cranial fragments.

Reconstruction of the mid-Pliocene Protarctos abstrusus in the Beaver Pond site area during the late summer. An extinct beaver, Dipoides, is shown carrying a tree branch in water. Plants include blackcrowberry (Empetrum nigrum) with ripened berries along the path of the bear, dwarf birch (Betula nana) in foreground; sweet gale (Myrica gale) carried by the beaver, sedges in water margins, flowering buckbeans along the mounds behind the beaver, and larch trees in distant background.

 Art by Mauricio Antón based on research of this paper
and with input on plant community from Alice Telka.

Xiaoming Wang, Natalia Rybczynski, C. Richard Harington, Stuart C. White and Richard H. Tedford. 2017. A Basal Ursine Bear (Protarctos abstrusus) from the Pliocene High Arctic reveals Eurasian Affinities and A Diet Rich in Fermentable Sugars. Scientific Reports. 7, Article number: 17722. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17657-8

Primitive fossil bear with a sweet tooth identified from Canada's High Arctic
 phy.so/432795810 via @physorg_com

Bears have had a sweet tooth for millions of years  cbc.ca/1.4451466

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Bryophyta • 2018] Sphagnum incundum • A New Species in Sphagnum subg. Acutifolia (Sphagnaceae) from Boreal and Arctic Regions of North America ---ScRaBBlE

Sphagnum incundum  Flatberg & Hassel

in Kyrkjeeide, Hassel, Shaw, Shaw, Temsch & Flatberg, 2018.

 DOI:  10.11646/phytotaxa.333.1.1 

Abstract
We describe Sphagnum incundum in Sphagnum subgenus Acutifolia (Sphagnaceae, Bryophyta). We used both molecular and morphological methods to describe the new species. Molecular relationships with closely related species were explored based on microsatellites and nuclear and plastid DNA sequences. The morphological description is based on qualitative examination of morphological characters and measurements of leaves and hyalocysts. Morphological characters are compared between closely related species. The results from Feulgen densitometry and microsatellite analysis show that S. incundum is gametophytically haploid. Molecular analyses show that it is a close relative to S. flavicomans, S. subfulvum and S. subnitens, but differs both genetically and in morphological key characters, justifying the description of Sphagnum incundum as a new species. The new peatmoss is found in North America along the western coast of Greenland, in Canada from Quebec and Northwest Territories, and Alaska (United States). The new species has a boreal to arctic distribution.

Keywords: Bryophytes, Sphagnaceae

FIGURE 8. Sphagnum incundum in field surface view.
A: The type collection including selected holotype and isotypes. Collected in Ivujivik, Quebec, Canada, in intermediate, slightly sloping arctic fen.

Photo by K. I. Flatberg, 4 July 2007. Flatberg 314-07 (TRH B-9718). 

B: Together with S. squarrosum, both with young sporophytes. From Inukjuak, Quebec, Canada, in topogenous, rich fen lawn in arctic mire.

Photo by K. I. Flatberg, 14 August 2007. Flatberg 451-07 (TRH B-9999). 

Sphagnum incundum Flatberg & Hassel sp. nov. 

 Diagnosis:— Sphagnum incundum is in macro-morphology recognized by slender shoots with predominantly brownorange to purple-red capitula and straight and non-recurved leaves on innermost capitulum branches on dry plants. In micro-morphology, it is foremost recognized by narrowly lingulate stem leaves with acute to acute-obtuse apices, strongly S-shaped stem leaf hyalocysts with common occurrence of faint fibrils in distal leaf-parts, and divergent branch leaf hyalocysts on distal end convex surfaces with pores usually occupying between 1/3 and 1/2 of cell width. The new species is gametophytic haploid and closely allied morphologically to S. flavicomans, S. subfulvum, and S. subnitens.

Etymology:— The specific epithet is derived from the Latin adjective incundus = pleasant, agreeable, delightful.

 Distribution:— West Greenland, Canada in Quebec, Nunavut and North West territories, and U.S.A in Alaska. Currently known from the northern boreal to middle arctic vegetation zone. 

Ecology:— Sphagnum incundum in arctic localities in West Greenland, and Nunavik, Quebec, occurs in arctic mires on shallow peat in intermediate and rich fens, partly forming small mats and low cushions on gently sloping, soligenous mire, partly growing in small patches on lawn and carpet mire. The most commonly associated sphagna in both regions were S. concinnum (Berggr.) Flatberg (2007: 88), S. squarrosum, S. teres and S. warnstorfii Russow (1886: 315). In the boreal Anchorage area, Alaska, it was found growing in a large fen mire on high lawn patches in topogenous, varyingly intermediate to rich fen vegetation, associated with S. papillosum Lind. (1872: 280), S. subfulvum and S. miyabeanum Warnstorf (1911: 321). In Bethel area, Alaska, it occurred scattered on intermediate fen lawns in tundra mire.

 Magni Olsen Kyrkjeeide, Kristian Hassel, Blanca Shaw, A. Jonathan Shaw, Eva M. Temsch and Kjell Ivar Flatberg. 2018. Sphagnum incundum A New Species in Sphagnum subg. Acutifolia (Sphagnaceae) from Boreal and Arctic Regions of North America. Phytotaxa. 333(1); 1–21. DOI:  10.11646/phytotaxa.333.1.1

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.