[Invertebrate • 2018] Phylogenomics Illuminates the Backbone of the Myriapoda Tree of Life and Reconciles Morphological and Molecular Phylogenies ---ScRaBBlE

Figure 1. The four main groups of myriapods. A, Otostigmus (Parotostigmus) pococki (Northern Range, Trinidad, Trinidad and Tobago) (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha); B, Hanseniella sp. (South Island, New Zealand) (Symphyla, Scutigerellidae); C, Pauropus huxleyi (Massachusetts, USA) (Pauropoda, Tetramerocerata); and D, Platydesmus sp. (La Selva, Costa Rica) (Diplopoda, Platydesmida).

Fernández, Edgecombe & Giribet, 2018.

 DOI:  10.1038/s41598-017-18562-w 

Abstract

The interrelationships of the four classes of Myriapoda have been an unresolved question in arthropod phylogenetics and an example of conflict between morphology and molecules. Morphology and development provide compelling support for Diplopoda (millipedes) and Pauropoda being closest relatives, and moderate support for Symphyla being more closely related to the diplopod-pauropod group than any of them are to Chilopoda (centipedes). In contrast, several molecular datasets have contradicted the Diplopoda–Pauropoda grouping (named Dignatha), often recovering a Symphyla–Pauropoda group (named Edafopoda). Here we present the first transcriptomic data including a pauropod and both families of symphylans, allowing myriapod interrelationships to be inferred from phylogenomic data from representatives of all main lineages. Phylogenomic analyses consistently recovered Dignatha with strong support. Taxon removal experiments identified outgroup choice as a critical factor affecting myriapod interrelationships. Diversification of millipedes in the Ordovician and centipedes in the Silurian closely approximates fossil evidence whereas the deeper nodes of the myriapod tree date to various depths in the Cambrian-Early Ordovician, roughly coinciding with recent estimates of terrestrialisation in other arthropod lineages, including hexapods and arachnids.

Figure 2A. Preferred phylogenetic hypothesis of myriapod interrelationships (PhyloBayes, matrix 1). 2B. DensiTree visualization of the four most congruent analyseis (PhyloBayes, matrices 2 and 3; PhyML, matrix 3). 2C, 2D. Main conflicting alternative hypothesis (2C, PhyML, matrix 2; 2D, PhyML, matrix 1). 2E. Phylogenetic hypothesis of Myriapoda based on 232 morphological characters coded for both extant and extinct species (see Methods for further details); strict consensus of 488 trees of 257 steps; Fossil taxa are identified with a dagger symbol. Black circles in nodes represent high support (> 95% posterior probability, > 90% bootstrap support). CHE: Chelicerata. PAN: Pancrustacea. CHI: Chilopoda. SYM: Symphyla. PAU: Pauropoda. DIP: Diplopoda. Colour codes for each clade are maintained in all figures.

Figure 1. The four main groups of myriapods.
A, Otostigmus (Parotostigmus) pococki (Northern Range, Trinidad, Trinidad and Tobago) (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha); B, Hanseniella sp. (South Island, New Zealand) (Symphyla, Scutigerellidae); C, Pauropus huxleyi (Massachusetts, USA) (Pauropoda, Tetramerocerata); and D, Platydesmus sp. (La Selva, Costa Rica) (Diplopoda, Platydesmida).

Rosa Fernández, Gregory D. Edgecombe and Gonzalo Giribet. 2018. Phylogenomics Illuminates the Backbone of the Myriapoda Tree of Life and Reconciles Morphological and Molecular Phylogenies. Scientific Reports. 8, 83.  DOI:  10.1038/s41598-017-18562-w

ResearchGate.net/publication/322316069_Phylogenomics_illuminates_the_backbone_of_the_Myriapoda_Tree_of_Life_and_reconciles_morphological_and_molecular_phylogenies

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

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شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[PaleoMammalogy • 2018] Vulcanops jennyworthyae • A New, Large-bodied Omnivorous Bat (Noctilionoidea: Mystacinidae) reveals Lost Morphological and Ecological Diversity since the Miocene in New Zealand ---ScRaBBlE

[upper]  Mystacina robusta (Dwyer, 1962)

[lower]  Vulcanops jennyworthyae

Hand, Beck, Archer, Simmons, Gunnell, Scofield, Tennyson, De Pietri, Salisbury & Worthy, 2018

    DOI:  10.1038/s41598-017-18403-w

Abstract

A new genus and species of fossil bat is described from New Zealand’s only pre-Pleistocene Cenozoic terrestrial fauna, the early Miocene St Bathans Fauna of Central Otago, South Island. Bayesian total evidence phylogenetic analysis places this new Southern Hemisphere taxon among the burrowing bats (mystacinids) of New Zealand and Australia, although its lower dentition also resembles Africa’s endemic sucker-footed bats (myzopodids). As the first new bat genus to be added to New Zealand’s fauna in more than 150 years, it provides new insight into the original diversity of chiropterans in Australasia. It also underscores the significant decline in morphological diversity that has taken place in the highly distinctive, semi-terrestrial bat family Mystacinidae since the Miocene. This bat was relatively large, with an estimated body mass of ~40 g, and its dentition suggests it had an omnivorous diet. Its striking dental autapomorphies, including development of a large hypocone, signal a shift of diet compared with other mystacinids, and may provide evidence of an adaptive radiation in feeding strategy in this group of noctilionoid bats.

An artist's impression of a New Zealand burrowing bat, Mystacina robusta, that went extinct last century. The new fossil find, Vulcanops jennyworthyae, that lived millions of years ago in New Zealand, is an ancient relative of burrowing or short-tailed bats.

Illustration: Gavin Mouldey.  

Systematic palaeontology

Order Chiroptera Blumenbach, 1779

Suborder Yangochiroptera Van den Bussche & Hoofer, 2004

Superfamily Noctilionoidea Gray, 1821

Family Mystacinidae Dobson, 1875

Vulcanops jennyworthyae gen. et sp. nov.

Figure 1 Vulcanops jennyworthyae gen. et sp. nov., Bannockburn Formation, St Bathans, Central Otago, New Zealand. Lower dentition. CM 2013.18.790, holotype, left dentary fragment containing m2-3.
(a) Buccal view; (b–b’) stereopair, occlusal view; (c) lingual view m2-3. NMNZ S.52078, paratype, right m1. (d–d’) Stereopair, oblique occlusal view; (e) buccal view; (f) occlusal view.

Abbreviations: cld, cingulid; co, cristid obliqua; end, entoconid; ecd, entocristid; hyd, hypoconid; hyl, hypoconulid; med, metaconid; pacd, paracristid; pad, paraconid; pcd, postcristid; prcd, protocristid; prd, protoconid; tal, talonid; trig, trigonid. Scale bars = 2 mm.

Stratigraphic and geographic distribution: Lower Miocene of Central Otago, New Zealand.

Etymology: From Vulcan, mythological god of fire and volcanoes (Roman), and ops, a suffix commonly used for bats; in reference to New Zealand’s tectonically active nature, as well as to the historic Vulcan Hotel, centre of the hamlet of St Bathans, from which the fauna takes its name. The species name honours Jennifer P. Worthy in recognition of her pivotal role in revealing the diversity of the St Bathans Fauna.

The fossil dig site at St Bathans in New Zealand where the fossilised remains of an extinct giant burrowing bat, Vulcanops jennyworthyae, were found.

photo: Trevor Worthy. 

Washing of St Bathans sediments through sieves in Manuherikia River in New Zealand to collect fossil bones and teeth of an ancient burrowing bat.

photo: Vanesa De Pietri. 

Suzanne J. Hand, Robin M. D. Beck, Michael Archer, Nancy B. Simmons, Gregg F. Gunnell, R. Paul Scofield, Alan J. D. Tennyson, Vanesa L. De Pietri, Steven W. Salisbury and Trevor H. Worthy. 2018. A New, Large-bodied Omnivorous Bat (Noctilionoidea: Mystacinidae) reveals Lost Morphological and Ecological Diversity since the Miocene in New Zealand. Scientific Reports. 8, Article number: 235. DOI:  10.1038/s41598-017-18403-w

 facebook.com/mouldey/posts/10159919578200370

Giant extinct burrowing bat discovered in New Zealand  phy.so/434803633 via @physorg_com

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Paleontology • 2017] Shringasaurus indicus • A New Horned and Long-necked Herbivorous Stem-Archosaur from the Middle Triassic of India ---ScRaBBlE

Shringasaurus indicus 

Sengupta, Ezcurra & Bandyopadhyay, 2017

Illustration: Gabriel Lio

   DOI:  10.1038/s41598-017-08658-8  

Abstract

The early evolution of archosauromorphs (bird- and crocodile-line archosaurs and stem-archosaurs) represents an important case of adaptive radiation that occurred in the aftermath of the Permo-Triassic mass extinction. Here we enrich the early archosauromorph record with the description of a moderately large (3–4 m in total length), herbivorous new allokotosaurian, Shringasaurus indicus, from the early Middle Triassic of India. The most striking feature of Shringasaurus indicus is the presence of a pair of large supraorbital horns that resemble those of some ceratopsid dinosaurs. The presence of horns in the new species is dimorphic and, as occurs in horned extant bovid mammals, these structures were probably sexually selected and used as weapons in intraspecific combats. The relatively large size and unusual anatomy of Shringasaurus indicus broadens the morphological diversity of Early–Middle Triassic tetrapods and complements the understanding of the evolutionary mechanisms involved in the early archosauromorph diversification.

Figure 3: Skeletal anatomy of Shringasaurus indicus gen. et sp. nov. (a) Left premaxilla (ISIR 793) in lateral view. (b) Left maxilla (ISIR 795) in lateral view. (c) Left quadrate (ISIR 797) in lateral view. (d) Axis (ISIR 803) in left lateral view. (e) Posterior cervical vertebra (ISIR 820) in left lateral view. (f,g) Anterior dorsal vertebra (ISIR 825) in left lateral view in (f), and anterior view in (g). (h) Two anterior caudal vertebrae (ISIR 875) in right lateral view (mirrored). (i) Posterior caudal vertebra (ISIR 892) in left lateral view. (j) Right femur (ISIR 1016) in ventral view. (k) Left ilium (ISIR 991) in lateral view. (l), (m) Right astragalus and fused lateral centrale (ISIR 1059) in proximal view in (l), and dorsal view in (m). (n) Interclavicle (ISIR 950) in ventral view. (o) Left clavicle (ISIR 948) in medial view. (p) Left humerus (ISIR 951) in ventral view. (q) Left scapula (ISIR 929) and coracoid (ISIR 941) in lateral view. (r) Tooth crown (ISIR 801A) in labial view.

Scales = 1 cm for (a–c,i,m,l), 2 cm for (d–h,j,k,n–q), and 1 mm for (r), and skeleton = 25 cm. a. articulates with; ac, acetabulum; ain, axial intercentrum; ap, anterior process; ca, calcaneum; ce, lateral centrale; de, denticles; dpc, deltopectoral crest; fi, fibula; gf, glenoid fossa; gr, groove; hqh, hooked quadrate head; icl, interclavicle; itr, internal trochanter; la, lacrimal; lp, lateral process; mp, mammillary process; nag, non-articular gap; pcdl, posterior centrodiapophyseal lamina; pgp, postglenoid process; pnp, postnasal process; pof, popliteal fossa; pop, postacetabular process; pp, parapophysis; ppr, posterior process; ppdl, paradiapophyseal lamina; prdl, prezygodiapophyseal lamina; prp, preacetabular process; prz, prezygapophysis; qj, quadratojugal; sac, supraacetabular crest; sc, scapula; sgl, subglenoid lip; spdl, spinodiapophyseal lamina; sprdl, spinoprezygapophyseal lamina; ti, tibia.

Figure 2: Cranial anatomy of Shringasaurus indicus gen. et sp. nov. and comparison with the skull of a ceratopsid dinosaur that possesses convergent supraorbital horns. (a) Reconstruction of the skull of Shringasaurus indicus in left lateral view. (b) Drawing of the skull of Arrhinoceratops brachyops in left lateral view (based on ROM 79648). (c) Reconstruction of the skull of Shringasaurus indicus in dorsal view. (d–g) Partial skull tables of Shringasaurus indicus in dorsal views (ISIR 781, 780, 786, 789, 790 from left to right), one side has been digitally mirrored in (d–f). (h–k) Partial skull tables of Shringasaurus indicus in left lateral views (ISIR 781, 780, 786, 790 from left to right). Specimens (d–f) and (h–j) possesses horns and specimen/s (g) and (k) lacks horns.

Scales = 4 cm for (a) and ( c–k), and 20 cm for (b). en, external naris; ho, horn; or, orbit; stf, supratemporal fenestra.

Figure 4: Phylogenetic relationships of Shringasaurus indicus gen. et sp. nov. and evolution of body size among early archosauromorphs. (a) Time calibrated strict consensus tree found in the data set analysed here (Supplementary Information). Diapsids more basal than Protorosaurus are not shown and all clades except Allokotosauria have been collapsed for clarity. Numbers at the nodes are Bremer support values higher than 1. (b) Evolution of femoral length (as proxy of body size) optimized as a continuous character using maximum parsimony among non-archosauriform archosauromorphs (Supplementary Information). The horizontal axis represents phylogenetic distance. Green circles represent non-allokotosaurian species, red circles represent allokotosaurians, light blue circles represent non-allokotosaurian ancestral femoral lengths, and violet circles represent allokotosaurian ancestral femoral lengths. The dotted line represents a branch not included in the phylogenetic analysis of this study and the horizontal bar with dotted vertical lines on the right side of the graphic represents the median and standard deviation of Permian to Middle Triassic non-allokotosaurian, non-archosauriform archosauromorph femoral length. a, Crocopoda; b, Allokotosauria; c, Trilophosauridae; d, Azendohsauridae; e, Azendohsaurus.

Systematic Palaeontology

Diapsida Osborn, 1903

Archosauromorpha Huene, 1946 sensu Dilkes19

Allokotosauria Nesbitt et al., 2015

Azendohsauridae Nesbitt et al., 2015

Shringasaurus indicus gen. et sp. nov.

Etymology: ‘Śṛṅga’ (Shringa), horn (ancient Sanskrit), and ‘sauros’ (σαῦρος), lizard (ancient Greek), referring to the horned skull; ‘indicus’, Indian (Latin English), refers to the country where such species was discovered.

Holotype: ISIR (Indian Statistical Institute, Reptile, India) 780: partial skull roof (prefrontal, frontal, postfrontal, and parietal) with a pair of large supraorbital horns (Fig. 2e,i).

Locality and horizon: Near Tekapar village, Hoshangabad district, Madhya Pradesh, India (Fig. 1); Denwa Formation, Anisian, early Middle Triassic18, Satpura Gondwana Basin.

Diagnosis: Relatively large (3–4 m total body length; Fig. S1) allokotosaurian archosauromorph that differs from other stem-archosaurs in the following combination of character-states: confluent external nares; pair of anterodorsally oriented supraorbital horns; similar sized and leaf-shaped marginal and palatal teeth with large denticles; middle-posterior cervical, dorsal, and at least the first two caudal vertebrae with mammillary processes on the neural spines; middle-posterior cervical, dorsal, and sacral vertebrae with hyposphene-hypantrum accessory articulations; cervical vertebrae 2–5 with epipophyses (unknown in Cv6); dorsal vertebrae with spinoprezygapophyseal and spinopostzygapophyseal laminae; dorsal vertebrae 1–12 with spinodiapophyseal laminae; anterior dorsal vertebrae with neural spines two times taller than its respective centrum (see Supplementary Information for differential diagnosis).

Shringasaurus indicus Sengupta, Ezcurra & Bandyopadhyay, 2017

Illustration: Gabriel Lio 

Saradee Sengupta, Martín D. Ezcurra and Saswati Bandyopadhyay. 2017. A New Horned and Long-necked Herbivorous Stem-Archosaur from the Middle Triassic of India.  Scientific Reports. 7, Article number: 8366.  DOI:  10.1038/s41598-017-08658-8

facebook.com/MartinEzcurra98/posts/10214054731864627

 Cómo era el mundo cuando vivía el Shringasaurus indicus 

lanacion.com.ar/2055099 via @LANACION

Encuentran en India un reptil con cuernos de 240 millones de años  conicet.gov.ar/encuentran-en-india-un-reptil-con-cuernos-de-240-millones-de-anos/

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Paleontology • 2017] Corythoraptor jacobsi • High Diversity of the Ganzhou Oviraptorid Fauna Increased by A New “Cassowary-like” Crested Species ---ScRaBBlE

Corythoraptor jacobsi

Lü, Li, Kundrát, Lee, Sun, Kobayashi, Shen, Teng & Liu, 2017

  DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05016-6 

Abstract

A new oviraptorid dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Ganzhou, bringing oviraptrotid diversity of this region to seven taxa, is described. It is characterized by a distinct cassowary-like crest on the skull, no pleurocoels on the centra from the second through fourth cervical vertebrae, a neck twice as long as the dorsal vertebral column and slightly longer than the forelimb (including the manus). Phylogenetic analysis recovers the new oviraptorid taxon, Corythoraptor jacobsi, as closely related to Huanansaurus from Ganzhou. Osteochronology suggests that the type specimen of Corythoraptor had not reached stationary growth stage but died while decreasing growth rates. The histology implies that it would correspond to an immature individual approximately eight years old. We hypothesize, based on the inner structure compared to that in modern cassowaries, that the prominent casque of Corythoraptor was a multifunction-structure utilized in display, communication and probably expression of the fitness during mating seasons.

Figure 1: The holotype of Corythoraptor jacobsi gen. et sp. nov. (JPM-2015-001). (a) Photograph. (b) Outline drawings. (c) Close up of the skull and lower jaw, showing the pneumatic cassowary-like crest (Only skull and lower jaw elements are labeled). (d) Skeletal reconstruction (missing parts are in grey).

 Abbreviations: aof, antorbital fenestra; cav. caudal vertebrae; cr. cervical ribs; cv. cervical vertebrae; dv. dorsal vertebrae; fe, femur; fi. fibula; h, humerus; il, ilium; is, ischium; l, lacrimal; lj, lower jaw; ltf, lower temporal fenestra; m, maxilla; n, nasal; nar, narial opening; o, orbit; oc, occipital condyle; p, parietal; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; ps, pes; psc, pneumatic skull crest; pu. pubis; q, quadrate; ra, radius; sk, skull; sq, squamosal; stf, super temporal fenestra; ti, tibia; ul, ulna. Scale bar = 8 cm in (c) and 100 cm in (d).

Systematic palaeontology

Oviraptorosauria Barsbold, 1976.

Oviraptoridae Barsbold, 1976.

Corythoraptor jacobsi gen. et sp. nov.

Etymology: The generic name Corythoraptor refers to a raptor bearing a “cassowary-like crest” on its head, and the specific name is in honor of Professor Louis L. Jacobs, who has contributed to dinosaur research and has given excellent mentoring to three authors (JLü, YL and YK) when they were Ph.D. students at Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, USA.

Type locality and horizon: A site in the vicinity of the Ganzhou Railway Station (GPS coordinates are provided on request from the first author), Ganzhou City; Campanian-Maastrichtian; Nanxiong Formation (Upper Cretaceous).

 Diagnosis: An oviraptorosaurian dinosaur with the following unique combination of characters: ratio of the length of the tomial margin of the premaxilla to the premaxilla height (ventral to the external naris) is 1.0–1.4; inclination of the anteroventral margin of the premaxilla relative to the horizontally positioned ventral margin of the jugal posterodorsal; antorbital fossa bordered anteriorly by the maxilla; narial opening much longer than width; infratemporal fenestra dorsoventrally elongate, narrow anteroposteriorly; the supranarial process of the premaxilla bears two processes: a short posterodorsally extending process, forming the anterodorsal margin of the external nasal opening, and a long process, forming most of the anterodorsal process of the premaxilla; distinct cassowary-like helmet on the skull; long axis of the external narial opening parallel to the dorsal margin of antorbital fenestra; straight anterodorsal margin of dentary in lateral view; a deep fossa, sometimes with associated pneumatopore on lateral surface of dentary; no pleurocoels on the centra from the second through fourth cervical vertebrae; the length of the neck twice as long as the dorsal vertebral column, and slightly longer than the entire forelimb length (including the manus); less pronounced deltopectoral crest of humerus, forming an arc rather than being quadrangular; ratio of the length of the manus to the length of the humerus plus the radius between 0.50 and 0.65; the ungual of digit III less curved than other unguals; lesser trochanter (cranial trochanter) completely fused with the greater trochanter and distal ends of shafts of metatarsal II straight and metatarsal IV laterally deflected. 

Corythoraptor jacobsi gen. et sp. nov. is assigned to oviraptorid dinosaurs based on the following characters: proximal caudals with pneumatized centra; ischium with its posterior profile concave3; premaxilla pneumatized; the subantorbital portion of the maxilla inset medially; the palate extending below the cheek margin; the external naris overlapping most of the antorbital fossa rostrodorsally; the bones of the skull roof pneumatized; the pubic shaft concave cranially, the mandibular symphysis tightly sutured; the shortened preorbital region, and the toothless jaws.

.....

Figure 2: The cranial casque of Corythoraptor jacobsi and recent cassowaries. (a–c) the crested skull of Corythoraptor and head appearance restorations. (d) a close-up (see dotted rectangle in a and b) of eroded bony shell in the posterolateral casque of Corythoraptor. (e) the crested skull of the recent cassowary (Casuarius uniappendiculatus; Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, Germany: MfN-ZMB 93274). (f) a keratinous helmet over the skull of the recent cassowary (unnumbered specimen of Casuarius casuarius from the osteological collections of ZOO Protivín, Czech Republic). (g,h) coronal cuts through the cassowary skull – (g) Casuarius casuarius MfN-ZMB 36820, (h) Casuarius casuarius: MfN-ZMB 36885 (see dotted lines in f); note transition in strut-like trabecular arrangement. (i) close-up to contact between keratinous and skeletal components of the casque in recent cassowary, unnumbered specimen of Casuarius sp. from the osteological collections of Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, USA.

Abbreviations: cq, casque; cr, cranium; exs, external surface; kesh, keratinous sheath; or, orbit; tr, trabeculae.

Figure 5: The living scene of Corythoraptor jacobsi gen. et sp. nov.

Drawn by Zhao Chuang

 

Junchang Lü, Guoqing Li, Martin Kundrát, Yuong-Nam Lee, Zhenyuan Sun, Yoshitsugu Kobayashi, Caizhi Shen, Fangfang Teng and Hanfeng Liu. 2017. High Diversity of the Ganzhou Oviraptorid Fauna Increased by A New “Cassowary-like” Crested Species.
  Scientific Reports. 7, Article number: 6393. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05016-6

ResearchGate.net/publication/318726539_High_diversity_of_the_Ganzhou_Oviraptorid_Fauna_increased_by_a_new_cassowary-like_crested_species

Introducing Corythoraptor jacobsi.  paleonerdish.wordpress.com/2017/07/28/introducing-corythoraptor-jacobsi/ via @ferwen

Paleo Profile: The Crested Thief  blogs.scientificamerican.com/laelaps/paleo-profile-the-crested-thief/

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Paleontology • 2017] Mierasaurus bobyoungi • Descendants of the Jurassic Turiasaurs from Iberia Found Refuge in the Early Cretaceous of western USA ---ScRaBBlE

Mierasaurus bobyoungi 

Royo-Torres, Upchurch, Kirkland, DeBlieux, Foster, Cobos & Alcalá, 2017

reconstruction: Mike Skrepnick

 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14677-2 

Abstract

A new, largely complete eusauropod dinosaur with cranial and postcranial elements from two skeletons, Mierasaurus bobyoungi gen. nov., sp. nov. from the lower Yellow Cat Member (Early Cretaceous) of Utah (USA), is the first recognized member of Turiasauria from North America. Moreover, according to our phylogenetic results, Moabosaurus utahensis from the lower Yellow Cat Member of Utah (USA) is also a member of this clade. This group of non-neosauropod eusauropods, which now includes five genera (Losillasaurus, Turiasaurus, Mierasaurus, Moabosaurus and Zby), was previously known only from the Jurassic of Europe. These recent discoveries in Utah suggest that turiasaurs as a lineage survived the Jurassic-Cretaceous extinction boundary and expanded their known range, at least, into western North America. The revised spatiotemporal distribution of turiasaurs is consistent with the presence of a land connection between North America and Europe sometime during the late Tithonian to Valanginian (c.147-133 Ma). Mierasaurus and Moabosaurus are the only non-neosauropod eusauropods known from North America, despite being younger than the classic neosauropods of the Morrison Formation (c.150 Ma).

Figure 2: The skull material (UMNH.VP.26004) of Mierasaurus bobyoungi gen. nov, sp. nov.

Systematic Palaeontology

Dinosauria Owen, 1842
Saurischia Seeley, 1887

Sauropoda Marsh, 1878
Eusauropoda Upchurch, 1995
Turiasauria Royo-Torres, Cobos and Alcalá, 2006

Mierasaurus bobyoungi gen. nov., sp. nov.

Etymology: Genus named for Bernardo de Miera y Pacheco, Spanish cartographer and chief scientist for the 1776 Domínguez-Escalante Expedition: the first European scientist to enter what is now Utah. The species name acknowledges the importance of the underappreciated research by Robert Young on the Early Cretaceous of Utah.

Holotype: A partial skeleton of a single individual (UMNH.VP.26004), comprising disarticulated cranial and postcranial elements from the type site (Doelling’s Bowl). We regard this as subadult because it is a relatively large animal with unfused vertebral centra and neural arches in some dorsal vertebrae. This individual includes a partial skull and jaw, teeth, atlas, 8 cervical vertebrae, 11 cervical ribs, 11 dorsal vertebrae, 6 dorsal ribs, 6 sacral ribs, 15 caudal vertebrae, two chevrons, right scapula and partial left scapula, left radius, left ulna, left manus, complete pelvic elements, both femora, left tibia, left fibula, left astragalus and left pes.

tibia, fibula and complete left hind foot of Mierasaurus bobyoungi.

twitter.com/PaleoJim

Type locality and horizon: All Mierasaurus remains discussed herein are from Doelling’s Bowl bonebed, UMNH VP.LOC.1208 (Utah Loc. 42Gr0300v) within the lower Yellow Cat Member (below the marker calcrete), Cedar Mountain Formation, on lands managed by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management in northern Grand County, east-central Utah. In a preliminary report in a conference abstract, detrital zircon dating indicates maximum ages ranging from ~136.4 ± 1.1 Ma and ~132 Ma for lower Yellow Cat Member and ~137.2 ± 2.0 Ma for upper Yellow Cat Member. The combination of these data with the upper Berriasian-Valanginian age based on ostracods and charophyte fauna for the upper Yellow Cat Member indicates a conflict in the maximum age traditionally considered for it 124.2 ± 2.6 Ma (see Supplementary Information). All of these data suggest a potential age of late Berriasian-early Aptian (c.142-124 Ma) for the Yellow Cat Member.

Doelling’s Bowl has produced the iguanodont cf. Iguanocolossus sp., a new species of polacanthid ankylosaur, a large allosauroid theropod (teeth), and the dromaeosaur Yurgovuchia doellingi. Exact locality information will be provided to qualified researchers on request through the Natural History Museum of Utah or the Utah Geological Survey.

Diagnosis: A turiasaurian sauropod possessing the following features (autapomorphies marked by *): *the otosphenoidal ridge extends from the anterior surface of the paroccipital process, near its ventral margin and is restricted to the medialmost part of the latter process (Fig. 2b); *the occipital condyle has a pair of rounded ridges extending dorsoventrally, one on either lateral face of the condylar articular surface (Fig. 2a–d); *the atlantal intercentrum (Fig. 3e,f) bears a pair of depressions in the medial surface, facing posteromedially, each of which receives the anterolateral margin of the odontoid process; a well-developed spinoprezygapophyseal lamina extends anteriorly (Fig. 3a–d, g–m) as a low ridge onto the lateral surface of the prezygapophyses roofing a lateral fossa on prezygapophyses in middle and posterior cervical vertebrae (shared with the diplodocine Kaatedocus26); *cervical ribs bear a ridge or bulge on the lateral surface of the tuberculum, immediately posterior to the base of the anterior process (Fig. 3n–v); dorsal neural arches lack posterior centroparapophyseal laminae; *lateral depression on the distal ramus of haemal arches (Fig. 5g,h); metacarpal I longer than metacarpal IV, shared with Macronaria27 (Fig. 5m); a very short ischium compared to pubis length (ischium:pubis length ratio = 0.75) (Fig. 5d–f); the midpoint of the fourth trochanter placed in the proximal part of the femur (Fig. 5a); femur with subequal distal condyles (Fig. 5k); and pedal unguals 2 and 3 compressed dorsoventrally (Fig. 5l,o).

Figure 6: Phylogenetic relationships of Turiasauria: The time-calibrated phylogenetic relationships of Mierasaurus bobyoungi n. gen. et sp. nov. The box next to each taxon demarcates its temporal range, whereas the colour of the box reflects the continent(s) where the taxon occurs (yellow = South America, light blue = Asia, orange = North America; green = Europe, dark blue = Africa; black = several continents).

 mired Mierasaurus type specimen.

reconstruction: Mike Skrepnick 

twitter.com/PaleoJim 

Rafael Royo-Torres, Paul Upchurch, James I. Kirkland, Donald D. DeBlieux, John R. Foster, Alberto Cobos & Luis Alcalá. 2017. Descendants of the Jurassic Turiasaurs from Iberia Found Refuge in the Early Cretaceous of western USA.  Scientific Reports. 7, Article number: 14311. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14677-2

Identificado un nuevo #dinosaurio de #Utah (#EEUU) con orígenes en #Teruel (#España) 

 fundaciondinopolis.org/index.php/noticias/476-identificado-un-nuevo-dinosaurio-de-utah-estados-unidos-con-origenes-en-teruel-espana-3

 twitter.com/Funda_Dinopolis/status/924950153269792769

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.