[Herpetology • 2017] Phylogenetic Systematics of Dart-Poison Frogs and Their Relatives Revisited (Anura: Dendrobatoidea) ---ScRaBBlE

Grant, Rada, Anganoy-Criollo, et al., 2017.
South American Journal of Herpetology. 12(s1) 
 DOI:  10.2994/SAJH-D-17-00017.1

Abstract 

Despite the impressive growth of knowledge on the phylogenetic systematics of dart-poison frogs and their relatives (Dendrobatoidea) over the past decade, many problems remain to be addressed. We analyzed up to 189 phenomic characters (morphology, behavior, defensive chemicals) and 15 mitochondrial and nuclear loci scored for 564 dendrobatoid and outgroup terminals, including 76 newly sequenced terminals and > 20 previously unanalyzed species, using tree-alignment and the parsimony optimality criterion in the program POY v.5.1.1 and additional analyses of the implied alignment using TNT v.1.5. Even though data coverage was highly heterogeneous, the strict consensus of 639 optimal trees is highly resolved and we detected only one instance of wildcard behavior involving a small clade of outgroup species. The monophyly of the median lingual process (MLP) possessing genus Anomaloglossus is decisively refuted, with the cis-Andean species being sister to Rheobates within Aromobatidae and the trans-Andean species nested within Hyloxalinae, implying two independent origins of the structure in Dendrobatoidea. Although this result was unexpected, it is not surprising given that the MLP evolved at least five times in Asian and African ranoids, including Arthroleptidae, Dicroglossidae, Mantellidae, and Rhacophoridae and either once in the most recent common ancestor of the massive clade Victoranura followed by independent losses or multiple times within component lineages. We restrict Anomaloglossus to the cis-Andean MLP-possessing species, describe a new genus for the trans-Andean MLP-possessing species, and resurrect Paruwrobates for its sister group, which includes Dendrobates andinus (formerly Ameerega), D. erythromos (formerly Hyloxalus and, until recently, Ameerega), and Prostherapis whymperi (formerly Hyloxalus). We also transfer Dendrobates maculatus from Ameerega to Epipedobates, making Ameerega an exclusively cis-Andean group. We describe two new species of the trans-Andean MLP-possessing genus—one from Cerro Tacarcuna, near the Colombo-Panamanian border, and the other from 800–900 m elevation on the western versant of the Colombian Cordillera Occidental (Cauca Department)—bringing the total number of species in the genus to seven. The discrete, round, white to yellowish-brown dots found on the venter of the new species from Cerro Tacarcuna and at least one other trans-Andean MLP-possessing species are formed by large, ellipsoid, densely distributed (up to 80 glands/mm) granular glands. Although specimens of the new species from Cerro Tacarcuna exuded a noxious milky substance when handled, lipophilic alkaloids were not detected. In addition to the unexpected placement of the trans-Andean MLP-possessing species, major findings include the unexpected placement of Colostethus ruthveni and its undescribed sister species (the “C.” ruthveni group) within Dendrobatinae as sister of the newly recognized tribe Dendrobatini (all dendrobatines except Phyllobates and the “C.” ruthveni group). We describe a new genus for C. argyrogaster and C. fugax to remedy the paraphyly of Colostethus caused by the placement of those species as sister to Ameerega. Our evidence rejects the sister group relationship of Dendrobates + Oophaga in favor of Dendrobates + Adelphobates, which is consistent with their uniquely low diploid chromosome number of 2n = 18 (2n = 20 in Oophaga). With the exception of Anomaloglossus and Colostethus, all other genera are monophyletic. We recognize several monophyletic species groups—including the Atlantic Forest, trans-Andean, and 22-chromosome groups within Allobates, the An. stepheni, An. megacephalus, and An. beebei groups in Anomaloglossus, the C. latinasus (formed by the C. inguinalis and C. latinasus clades) and C. fraterdanieli groups within Colostethus, and the Am. braccata and Am. rubriventris groups within Ameerega—identify unambiguously optimized phenomic synapomorphies, and summarize patterns in the evolution of the diploid chromosome number, swelling of Finger IV in males, relative length of Fingers II and III, length of Finger V, and testicular and intestinal pigmentation. Finally, we address criticisms of the current taxonomy of Neotropical poison frogs and their relatives, concluding that they are either overstated, misguided, or false, and that the current system of names better communicates knowledge of the diversity of these frogs. Our results highlight the importance of increased taxon sampling, and we conclude by identifying key species to include in future phylogenetic analyses.

Keywords: Andes, Aromobatidae, Chocó, Dendrobatidae, Median lingual process, New genus, New species, Phylogeny, Total evidence

.....

Figure 10(A): Juvenile female Ectopoglossus saxatilis sp. nov. photographed with the assistance of a camera-mounted flash (IAvH 14614, 18.3 mm SVL; photos: M. Rada). .

Ectopoglossus gen. nov.

Type species. Ectopoglossus saxatilis sp. nov.

Immediately more inclusive taxon. Hyloxalinae Grant et al., 2006.

Sister group. Paruwrobates Bauer, 1994.

Content (7 species). Ectopoglossus absconditus sp. nov., E. astralogaster (Myers et al., 2012) comb. nov., E. atopoglossus (Grant et al., 1997) comb. nov., E. confusus (Myers and Grant, 2009) comb.  nov., E.  isthminus (Myers et  al., 2012) comb.  nov., E.  lacrimosus (Myers, 1991) comb. nov., and E. saxatilis sp. nov.

Etymology. Ectopoglossus gen. nov. (gender masculine) is derived from the Greek ektopos, meaning away or out of a place (ek- “out”  + topos “place”), and glossa, meaning tongue, in reference to the geographically and phylogenetically ectopic distribution of this median lingual process-possessing clade.

Ectopoglossus absconditus sp. nov.

Etymology. The specific epithet is the Latin absconditus, hidden, in reference to this species being hidden in plain site, abscondita in campo visum, for nearly 80 years. The type specimens were collected in 1938 and 1939 and lay ensconced in the KU amphibian collection until finally being “discovered” almost 80 years later when TG examined the contents of a jar labeled “Colostethus  sp.” that contained this and several other species of dendrobatids. To our knowledge the species has not been collected again, although biological surveys in the region have been limited in recent decades due to armed conflict.

Ectopoglossus saxatilis sp. nov. 

Etymology. The specific epithet is Latin and means “found among rocks” in reference to the streamside habitat of the species.

Taran Grant, Marco Rada, Marvin Anganoy-Criollo, Abel Batista, Pedro Henrique Dias, Adriana Moriguchi Jeckel, Denis Jacob Machado and José Vicente Rueda-Almonacid. 2017. Phylogenetic Systematics of Dart-Poison Frogs and Their Relatives Revisited (Anura: Dendrobatoidea). South American Journal of Herpetology. 12(s1); S1-S90. DOI:  10.2994/SAJH-D-17-00017.1

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Herpetology • 2018] Mannophryne molinai • A New Mannophryne (Amphibia, Aromobatidae) from Sierra de Aroa, northwestern Venezuela: Unveiling Species Diversity in Collared Frogs through Morphological and Bioacoustic Evidence ---ScRaBBlE

Mannophryne molinai 

Rojas-Runjaic, Matta-Pereira & Marca, 2018

DOI:  10.11646/zootaxa.4461.4.1 

 twitter.com/RojasRunjaic 

Abstract

Species diversity in collared frogs of the genus Mannophryne is presumed to be underestimated due to the paucity of external morphology characters, but combining morphology with bioacoustics and other lines of evidence has shown to be useful in delimiting species of this group. Herein we describe a new species of Mannophryne from Sierra de Aroa in northwestern Venezuela. The new species is morphologically similar to M. herminae but is readily recognized by its strikingly different advertisement call. It also can be distinguished from all its congeners by the unique combination of its small body size, general color pattern, basal toe webbing, and advertisement call consisting of long trills of single tonal notes emitted at a rate of 2–3 notes/s. Additionally, to facilitate future diagnosis of undescribed species related to M. herminae, we amend the definition of the latter, describe in detail its advertisement call, and redefine its known distribution range. The new species increases the number of described species of Mannophryne to 20.

Keywords: Amphibia, Anura, Aromobatinae, Coastal Range, Cordillera de la Costa, Dendrobatoidea, Integrative taxonomy

FIGURE 4. Female and male paratype specimens of Mannophryne molinai sp. nov. in life.
 (a) Dorsolateral and (b) ventral views of the paratype female MHNLS 21337; (c) dorsolateral and (d) ventral views of the paratype male MCP 13924 (exMHNLS 21336).

Photos: F.J.M. Rojas-Runjaic

 twitter.com/RojasRunjaic

Mannophryne molinai sp. nov.
 Suggested common name in English: Sierra de Aroa Collared Frog
Suggested common name in Spanish: sapito acollarado de la Sierra de Aroa

Etymology. The specific epithet “molinai” is a patronymic honoring the late César Ramón Molina Rodríguez (1960–2015) (Fig. 8), a prominent Venezuelan herpetologist, colleague, and friend. César made great contributions to the knowledge of the diversity and conservation of Venezuelan amphibians and reptiles, materialized in nearly a hundred scientific papers, and several conservation strategies, action plans and projects. His dedication to the training of numerous students through the teaching of herpetology in classrooms, field courses, and mentoring of theses, evidenced his passion for the amphibians and reptiles, and his commitment with the development of the study of the Venezuelan herpetofauna (Hernández 2015). César also had particular interest by the collared frogs; his PhD thesis was about the ecology of a population of Mannophryne from the valley of Caracas in Venezuela, and he co-authored the description of M. orellana, M. urticans and M. vulcano (Barrio-Amorós et al. 2010a). We make a posthumous recognition to his admirable work and friendship, naming this new species in his memory. The name “molinai” is used as a masculine singular noun, in the genitive case.


Fernando J.M. Rojas-Runjaic, Miguel Eduardo Matta-Pereira and Enrique La Marca. 2018. Unveiling Species Diversity in Collared Frogs through Morphological and Bioacoustic Evidence: A New Mannophryne (Amphibia, Aromobatidae) from Sierra de Aroa, northwestern Venezuela, and An Amended Definition and Call Description of M. herminae (Boettger, 1893).  Zootaxa. 4461(4);451–476. DOI:  10.11646/zootaxa.4461.4.1 

 twitter.com/RojasRunjaic/status/1032473631513870337

Resumen: Se presume que la diversidad de especies en sapitos acollarados del género Mannophryne está subestimada debido a la escasez de caracteres de morfología externa; no obstante, la combinación de morfología, bioacústica y otras líneas de evidencia ha demostrado ser eficiente para la delimitación de especies en este grupo. Aquí se describe una nueva especie de Mannophryne procedente de la sierra de Aroa en el noroccidente de Venezuela. La nueva especie se asemeja en su morfología a M. herminae, no obstante, se distingue fácilmente de esta por su vocalización de advertencia notablemente diferente. También se distingue de todos sus congéneres por la combinación única de su tamaño corporal pequeño, su patrón de coloración, la palmeadura basal entre los dedos pediales, y su llamado de advertencia consistente en series extensas de notas tonales individuales emitidas a una tasa de 2–3 notas/s. Adicionalmente, con la finalidad de facilitar el diagnóstico futuro de otras especies aún no descritas y relacionadas con M. herminae, se enmienda la definición de esta, se describe en detalle su vocalización de advertencia y se redefine su distribución conocida. Con esta nueva especie, el número de especies descritas de Mannophryne asciende a 20.

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Herpetology • 2018] Allobates tinae • A New Nurse Frog (Aromobatidae: Allobates) from Brazil, with Data on the Distribution and Phenotypic Variation of Western Amazonian Species ---ScRaBBlE

Allobates tinae 

Melo-Sampaio, De Oliveira & Prates, 2018

  DOI: 10.2994/SAJH-D-17-00098.1 

Abstract

Limited knowledge about species diversity restricts inferences about biogeography and macroecology in Amazonia, where biodiversity documentation has become particularly pressing due to anthropogenic impacts. An emblematic example of poorly known Amazonian amphibian diversity is that of Allobates nurse frogs, in which species boundaries and ranges are unclear. Based on genetic, morphological and call data from samples collected in 14 poorly known sites in Brazil, we identify and describe a new, broadly distributed western Amazonian nurse frog. In the light of the genetic data, combined with examination of more than 400 museum specimens, we also assess the distribution and levels of phenotypic variation in poorly known species from Amazonian lowlands, namely A. flaviventris, A. gasconi, A. subfolionidificans, and A. trilineatus. Lastly, our morphological examinations point to inconsistencies and heterospecific samples in the type series of A. fuscellus, A. gasconi, and A. vanzolinius, as revealed by large variation in key traits. By improving knowledge about species ranges and identifications, we hope that this study will support biodiversity inventories and stimulate further investigations of understudied western Amazonian nurse frogs.

Keywords: Amazon, Amphibia, South America, Systematics, Taxonomy

Allobates tinae sp. nov.  

Allobates sp. Grant et al., 2006: 299, fig. 73 (clades “Manaus 1, “PEG-M1”, and “Rio Ituxi”).

– Simões, 2016: 519, fig. 12H–I. – Santos et al., 2009: fig. S3A (clades “Small”, “sp. 1”, and “gasconi”). 

Allobates aff. conspicuus Melo-Sampaio et al., 2013: 339. 

Allobates flaviventris Melo-Sampaio et al., 2013: 338 (in part). 

Allobates sp. Grant et al., 2017: S29, fig. 21 (clades “PEGM1”, “small”, “Rio Ituxi”, “Manaus 1” and “Castanho”).

Diagnosis: The new species is included in the genus Allobates on the basis of the phylogenetic results (Fig. 3) and overall similarity with congeners (Fig.  4–5). Allobates tinae sp.  nov. is diagnosed by the following combination of characteristics: (i)  snout rounded in lateral and dorsal views; (ii)  a medium-sized species, mean SVL of males 15.2  mm (range 14.2–15.9  mm), mean SVL of females 15.8  mm (range 14.8–17.2  mm); (iii)  dorsal surface of snout uniformly light brown, same color extending posteriorly until eye level; dorsum tan brown in life; (iv) skin texture of dorsum granular, flat small granules scattered from the level of the eyes to the urostyle region; (v) dark brown lateral stripe with well delimited upper and lower edges; (vi)  pale dorsolateral stripe present in preserved specimens, conspicuous in life; (vii) oblique lateral stripe absent, pale cream spots scattered on inguinal region of the dark brown lateral stripe, reaching up to two thirds of it towards the forelimbs; (viii) iridescent white ventrolateral stripe conspicuous in live and preserved specimens, unbroken from tip of snout to inguinal region; (ix) bright paracloacal mark present, half-moon shaped; (x) sexual dimorphism in throat and chest coloration of live specimens (golden yellow in males, white in females); (xi) abdominal surfaces cream, reaching towards the flanks (xii)  dorsal surface of legs uniform, without transversal dark stripes; (xiii) iris metallic gold, without a pupil ring; (xiv) vocal sac distinct, single, subgular; (xv)  maxillary teeth present; (xvi) Finger III not swollen in males; (xvii) basal webbing present between Toes III and IV; (xviii)  fringes absent on toes; (xix)  diurnal habits, males calling in daytime; (xx) advertisement calls characterized by the emission of tonal notes ranging between 4,875–6,029 Hz.

Etymology The specific epithet honors Dr. Albertina Pimentel Lima, a professor at the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), for her extensive contributions to Al‑ lobates taxonomy. Dr. Lima has described or re-described with colleagues more than a dozen species of nurse frogs. Her work has inspired the first author to investigate Allobates taxonomy.

 Distribution The new species is known from lowland western Amazonia in Brazil to the south of the Amazon River (Fig. 2) in the states of Acre, Amazonas and Rondônia. In its type locality (..., Amazonas), Allobates tinae sp.  nov. is syntopic with A.  gasconi and A. femoralis. To the south (e.g., ..., Acre), it co-occurs with A. hodli, A. subfolionidificans, and A. trilineatus. To the east (e.g., in the middle course of the Madeira River), A. tinae sp. nov. is sympatric with A. caeruleodactylus, A. flaviventris, A. grillisimilis, A. masniger, and A. nidicola (see Simões 2016).

Paulo R. Melo-Sampaio, Renan M. De Oliveira and Ivan Prates. 2018. A New Nurse Frog from Brazil (Aromobatidae: Allobates), with Data on the Distribution and Phenotypic Variation of Western Amazonian Species. South American Journal of Herpetology.   13(2); 131-149.   DOI: 10.2994/SAJH-D-17-00098.1

    

Resumo: Um conhecimento limitado sobre a diversidade de espécies restringe inferências sobre biogeografia e macroecologia na Amazônia, onde documentar padrões de biodiversidade tornou-se particularmente urgente devido a impactos antropogênicos. Um exemplo emblemático de anfíbios amazônicos cuja diversidade é mal conhecida é o das rãs-cuidadoras do gênero Allobates, para as quais as distribuições e os limites entre espécies ainda não estão claros. Com base em dados genéticos, morfológicos e de vocalização de espécimes amostrados em 14 localidades pouco exploradas no Brasil, identificamos e descrevemos uma nova espécie de Allobates de ampla distribuição na Amazônia ocidental. À luz dos dados genéticos, em combinação com o exame de mais de 400 espécimes de museus, também examinamos a distribuição e a variação fenotípica em espécies pouco conhecidas das planícies amazônicas, nomeadamente A. flaviventris, A. gasconi, A. subfolionidificans e A. trilineatus. Por último, a análise de espécimes depositados em coleções zoológicas aponta para inconsistências e amostras heteroespecíficas na série tipo de A. fuscellus, A. gasconi e A. vanzolinius, como revelado por uma grande variação em caracteres-chave. Ao melhorar o conhecimento sobre as distribuições e identificações de espécies, esperamos que este estudo apoie inventários de biodiversidade e estimule novas investigações sobre as pouco conhecidas rãs-cuidadoras da Amazônia ocidental.

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Herpetology • 2019] Allobates carajas • A Name for the Nurse-frog (Allobates, Aromobatidae) of Floresta Nacional de Carajás, Eastern Brazilian Amazonia ---ScRaBBlE

Allobates carajas  Simões, Rojas & Lima, 2019

  DOI:  10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.3 

Abstract

We describe a new species of nurse-frog (Aromobatidae, Allobates) from Floresta Nacional de Carajás, southeastern Brazilian Amazonia. Allobates carajas sp. nov. is distinguished from similar congeneric species by the combination of the following characters: body-size range (snout-to-vent length 16.5–19.1 mm), dorsal color pattern with a dark brown hourglass-shaped mark, by the absence of a pale dorsolateral stripe and presence of a pale ventrolateral stripe, absence of a pale paracloacal mark, by overall bright yellow ventral colors of live male and female specimens, and by the posterior labium of tadpoles, with a single row of pyramidal papillae medially. The advertisement call of the new species is highly variable, with four possible temporal arrangements of notes (continuous emission of notes separated by regular silent intervals, continuous emission of notes separated by irregular silent intervals, emission of discrete note trills, and sporadic emission of single notes). Duration of notes range between 0.020–0.060 s, and the dominant frequency of notes range from 4.75 to 5.38 kHz. The new species is currently known only from forested habitats within Floresta Nacional de Carajás.

  

Keywords: Amphibia, Advertisement calls, conservation unit, Dendrobatoidea, mitochondrial DNA, Pará

Allobates carajas sp. nov. 

Pedro Ivo Simões, Diana Rojas and Albertina P. Lima. 2019. A Name for the Nurse-frog (Allobates, Aromobatidae) of Floresta Nacional de Carajás, Eastern Brazilian Amazonia. Zootaxa. 4550(1); 71–100. DOI:  10.11646/zootaxa.4550.1.3

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Herpetology • 2018] Anomaloglossus meansi • A New Pantepui Species of the Anomaloglossus beebei Group (Anura, Aromobatidae) ---ScRaBBlE

Anomaloglossus meansi 

Kok, Nicolaï, Lathrop & MacCulloch, 2018

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.759.24742 

Abstract

Recent extinctions and drastic population declines have been documented in the Guiana Shield endemic frog genus Anomaloglossus, hence the importance to resolve its alpha-taxonomy. Based on molecular phylogenies, the literature has long reported the occurrence of an undescribed species in the Pakaraima Mountains of Guyana in the Pantepui region. We here describe this new taxon and demonstrate that in addition to divergence at the molecular level the new species differs from congeners by a unique combination of morphological characters, notably a small size (maximum SVL in males 18.86 mm, maximum SVL in females 21.26 mm), Finger I = Finger II when fingers adpressed, Finger III swollen in breeding males, fringes on fingers absent, toes basally webbed but lacking fringes, in life presence of a thin dorsolateral stripe from tip of snout to tip of urostyle, and a black throat in preserved males (immaculate cream in females). Virtually nothing is known about the ecology of the new species. We suggest the new species to be considered as Data Deficient according to IUCN standards.

Keywords: Aromobatidae, diversity, Guiana Shield, Guyana, Pakaraima Mountains

Anomaloglossus meansi sp. n. in life.
 A female paratype ROM 43332, dorsal view B female paratype ROM 43329, dorsolateral view C male paratype CPI 11000, dorsolateral view. Photographs (A, B) by AL; photograph (C) courtesy D. Bruce Means. 

Anomaloglossus meansi sp. n.

Anomaloglossus sp. Ayanganna Grant et al. 2006: 120–121, 2017: S66.

Anomaloglossus cf. praderioi Kok 2010: 66.

Anomaloglossus sp. B Kok et al. 2012: supplementary information.

Diagnosis: The following characteristics pertain to preserved specimens unless otherwise noted. A medium-sized Anomaloglossus differing from other species in the genus by the following combination of characters: (1) mean SVL in males 18.53 mm (18.15–18.86 mm, n = 3), mean SVL in females 19.15 mm (17.66–21.26, n = 5); (2) skin on dorsum shagreened, venter smooth; (3) tympanic annulus visible anteroventrally; (4) Fingers I and II subequal in length, FI = FII when fingers adpressed; (5) tip of Finger IV not surpassing the base of the distal subarticular tubercle on Finger III when fingers adpressed; (6) distal subarticular tubercle on Finger III and IV present; (7) Finger III swollen in males (conspicuous pre- and postaxial swelling in breeding males); (8) fringes on fingers absent; (9) toes basally webbed, fringes on toes absent; (10) tarsal keel well defined, slightly tubercle-like and weakly curved at proximal end; (11) black arm gland absent, glandular supracarpal pad present in both sexes (larger and more glandular in males); (12) cloacal tubercles absent; (13) pale paracloacal mark present; (14) in life, thin dorsolateral stripe present, from tip of snout to tip of urostyle (not visible, or only barely distinguishable in preservative); (15) ventrolateral stripe absent, but presence of irregular white blotches on the lower flank; (16) oblique lateral stripe absent; (17) sexual dichromatism in throat colour pattern: throat heavily pigmented with melanophores in males (dark brown to black in life), immaculate cream in females (yellowish-orange in life); (18) sexual dichromatism in ventral colour pattern: belly pigmented with melanophores in males, immaculate cream in females; (19) in life, iris metallic reddish bronze with fine dark brown reticulation; (20) large intestine extensively pigmented; (21) testes cream, unpigmented; (22) mature oocytes partly pigmented; (23) median lingual process small, longer than wide, tapered; (24) maxillary teeth present, small.

Figure 4. Anomaloglossus meansi sp. n. in life.
A female paratype ROM 43332, dorsal view B female paratype ROM 43329, dorsolateral view C male paratype CPI 11000, dorsolateral view.

Photographs (A, B) by AL; photograph (C) courtesy D. Bruce Means. 

Figure 5. Habitat of Anomaloglossus meansi sp. n. on the Wokomung Massif
A photograph (looking NE) of the highest part of the massif; the plateau in the centre of the photo is the tallest part of the entire Wokomung Massif
B cloud forest at about 1385 m elevation, habitat of Anomaloglossus meansi sp. n.

Photographs courtesy D. Bruce Means.

Distribution and natural history: The only localities documented for the new species are depicted in Figure 2. Specimens were collected in cloud forest (Figure 5), on the ground or low vegetation. Most were collected after nightfall, although one adult and one juvenile were collected during daylight. Specimens were collected on mountain flanks, not summits; at 1490 m on Ayanganna, and at 1234 m, 1371 m and 1411 m on Wokomung. The majority of specimens (eight) were collected at 1234 m on Wokomung. Fewer were collected at higher elevations; only one each at 1490 m on Ayanganna, 1371 m and 1411 m on Wokomung. This may have been because of habitat differences; high-canopy open forest at lower elevation and dense, low-canopy vegetation at higher elevations.

Etymology: It is a great pleasure to name this new species after our friend and colleague D. Bruce Means, indefatigable explorer of the “islands in the sky”, and who collected one specimen of the new species and contributed with photographs and data. Thanks to his extensive fieldwork, Bruce Means greatly contributed to our understanding of the distribution, ecology, and taxonomy of Pantepui amphibians and reptiles. The specific epithet should be treated as a noun in the genitive case.

 Philippe J.R. Kok, Michaël P.J. Nicolaï, Amy Lathrop and Ross D. MacCulloch. 2018.  Anomaloglossus meansi sp. n., A New Pantepui Species of the Anomaloglossus beebei Group (Anura, Aromobatidae). ZooKeys. 759: 99-116.  DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.759.24742

   

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Herpetology • 2018] Allobates juami • A New Species of Nurse-frog (Aromobatidae, Allobates) from the Juami River Basin, northwestern Brazilian Amazonia ---ScRaBBlE

Allobates juami 

 Simões, Gagliardi-Urrutia, Rojas-Runjaic & Castroviejo-Fisher, 2018

 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4387.1.5 

Abstract

We describe a new species of nurse-frog (Aromobatidae, Allobates) from northwestern Brazilian Amazon. Allobates juami sp. nov. is distinguished from similar congeneric species by the combination of the following characters: body-size range (snout-to-vent length 17.5–18.5 mm), lack of dark pigments on ventral surfaces of male specimens, dorsal color pattern (predominantly solid dark brown, but conspicuously light brown over snout and urostyle regions), presence of conspicuous pale dorsolateral and ventrolateral stripes, and presence of a diffuse pale paracloacal mark. The advertisement call of the new species lasts 2.5–5.1 s, contains 60–73 short notes (trills), and is emitted at an average rate of 13 notes per second within trills. Duration of silent intervals between notes ranges between 0.020–0.050 s, and the peak frequency of notes ranges from 4.59 to 5.47 kHz. The new species is currently known only from the type locality at Estação Ecológica Juami-Japurá (~ 87 m a.s.l.).

Keywords: Amphibia, advertisement calls, Amazonia, conservation units, Dendrobatoidea, Japurá River

 Pedro Ivo Simões, Giussepe Gagliardi-Urrutia, Fernando J.M. Rojas-Runjaic and Santiago Castroviejo-Fisher. 2018. A New Species of Nurse-frog (Aromobatidae, Allobates) from the Juami River Basin, northwestern Brazilian Amazonia. Zootaxa.  4387(1); 109–133.  DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4387.1.5
ResearchGate.net/publication/323400220_A_new_species_of_nurse-frog_Allobates_from_the_Juami_River_basin_Brazilian_Amazonia

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.