[Herpetology • 2017] Cryptic and Non-Cryptic Diversity in New Guinea Ground Snakes of the Genus Stegonotus Duméril, Bibron and Duméril, 1854 (Squamata: Colubridae): A Description of Four New Species ---ScRaBBlE

[upper]  Stegonotus iridis

[lower] Stegonotus derooijae

(a) Stegonotus cucullatus, (c) Stegonotus modestus, (e) Stegonotus parvus

Ruane, Richards, McVay, et al. 2017.  DOI:  10.1080/00222933.2017.1391959

Photos from Christopher C. Austin (a, c, e).  @Sara_and_Snakes

ABSTRACT

The island of New Guinea has been identified as biologically megadiverse but many taxa are still poorly known. This is especially the case for many of the island’s snakes, which by their very nature can be difficult to collect and study. Here we examine the phylogenetic and phylogeographic structure of a poorly studied snake genus, Stegonotus, focusing on the species of New Guinea; until now, Stegonotus has never been examined using modern phylogenetic methods. Using molecular data from 49 individuals representing eight of the ten described species, and including all New Guinea taxa, we estimate a multilocus phylogeny and examine population structure to help identify undescribed taxa. We use morphological data from the corresponding museum vouchered specimens (where available) and also examine additional specimens for taxa not included in the molecular data set to determine morphological differences among putative taxa. We find molecular evidence for four new species of Stegonotus, both morphologically obvious and cryptic, and describe them herein. The recognition of these four species indicates that Stegonotus diversity has been previously underestimated and also suggests that there are likely additional undescribed taxa within the genus. These four taxa increase the number of described species by 40% and further confirm New Guinea as the centre of diversity for the genus.

KEYWORDS: Australasia, colubrine, Indonesia, integrative taxonomy, phylogenetics

Figure 1. Photographs of six New Guinea Stegonotus species in life including voucher numbers:
 (a) Stegonotus cucullatus LSUMZ 94371, (b) Stegonotus diehli LSUMZ 92345, (c) Stegonotus modestus LSUMZ 92327, (d) Stegonotus heterurus BPBM 22556, (e) Stegonotus parvus LSUMZ 92335, (f) Stegonotus guentheri LSUMZ 94386.

Photos from Christopher C. Austin (a, b, c, e, f) and F. Kraus (d). 

Ruane, Richards, McVay, et al. 2017.  DOI:  10.1080/00222933.2017.1391959
@Sara_and_Snakes

 facebook.com/LSUScience/posts/1475337432514763

  Stegonotus iridis sp. nov. SAMA R70466 

  Photos from Stephen J. Richards.

Photographs of holotype Stegonotus iridis sp. nov. MZB.Ophi.3306; dorsal of body, ventral of body.

 Photos from Stephen J. Richards.

Stegonotus iridis sp. nov.

Etymology: The species epithet is a noun in apposition and taken from the Latin word for rainbow. It refers to the high level of iridescence shown both dorsally and ventrally by this species. 

Natural history and distribution: Currently known only from the Raja Ampat islands of Batanta, Salawati and Waigeo in eastern Indonesia where all of the animals encountered were active on the forest floor in moderately to heavily disturbed lowland (< 100 m asl) rainforest at night. The pale colour of this species made them extremely conspicuous against the dark forest floor. 

Stegonotus derooijae sp. nov. MZB.Ophi.3288

 Photos from Stephen J. Richards.

Stegonotus derooijae sp. nov.

Etymology: The species epithet is a noun in the genitive case and is a patronym in honour of Dr Nelly De Rooij, who described many taxa from New Guinea and Indonesia, including Stegonotus florensis. 

Natural history and distribution: Currently known only from the Raja Ampat islands of Batanta, Salawati and Waigeo in eastern Indonesia. This small, slender species was active on the forest floor in moderately to heavily disturbed lowland (< 100 m above sea level) rainforest at night. At each site it occurred in sympatry with S. iridis sp. nov., described above. 

Stegonotus melanolabiatus sp. nov.

Etymology: The species epithet comes from the Greek melano meaning black or dark and the Latin word labia for lips. The name refers to the dark coloration of the labial scales of this species.

 Natural history and distribution: No information is known about the natural history of S. melanolabiatus. Stegonotus melanolabiatus sp. nov. is found south of the central mountain ranges (Figure 3) in Southern Highlands and Chimbu Provinces of Papua New Guinea. It may also occur in other provinces and regions south of the central cordillera across New Guinea. 

Stegonotus admiraltiensis sp. nov.

Etymology: The species epithet refers to the Admiralty Islands where this species is found, an archipelago of 18 islands to the north of New Guinea, comprising Manus Province, Papua New Guinea. 

Natural history and distribution: As with all New Guinea Stegonotus, S. admiraltiensis sp. nov. is nocturnal. All four specimens were collected at night as they were moving on the forest floor on the leaf litter. Typical for Stegonotus, once picked up S. admiraltiensis sp. nov. rapidly attempted to bite the collector’s hand and writhed violently in a side-to-side motion. Nothing more is known about the natural history or ecology of S. admiraltiensis sp. nov. Stegonotus admiraltiensis sp. nov. is found on the islands of Rambutyo and Los Negros in Manus Province of Papua New Guinea. Based on descriptions of similar specimens from Manus (McDowell 1972) and recent collections there by SJR that will be registered in the near future (Richards and Aplin 2015), we conclude that S. admiraltiensis sp. nov. is also found on Manus Island proper and that all specimens of Stegonotus from the Admiralty Islands are S. admiraltiensis sp. nov. 

Sara Ruane, Stephen J. Richards, John D. McVay, Burhan Tjaturadi, Keliopas Krey and Christopher C. Austin. 2017. Cryptic and Non-Cryptic Diversity in New Guinea Ground Snakes of the Genus Stegonotus Duméril, Bibron and Duméril, 1854: A Description of Four New Species (Squamata: Colubridae).  Journal of Natural History. DOI:  10.1080/00222933.2017.1391959

ResearchGate.net/publication/321315773_New_Guinea_ground_snakes_of_the_genus_Stegonotus 
sararuane.wordpress.com/about/publications
Naming a New Guinea Snake Species, Honoring a Legacy http://lsuscienceblog.squarespace.com/blog/2017/12/5/naming-a-new-guinea-snake-species-honoring-a-legacy
twitter.com/@Sara_and_Snakes/status/935534748381974528

 facebook.com/LSUScience/posts/1475337432514763

  

---------------------------------------------------------------

روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Herpetology • 2017] Ptyodactylus ruusaljibalicus • Cryptic Diversity in Ptyodactylus (Reptilia: Gekkota) from the northern Hajar Mountains of Oman and the United Arab Emirates uncovered by An Integrative Taxonomic Approach ---ScRaBBlE

Ptyodactylus ruusaljibalicus 

 Simó-Riudalbas, Metallinou, de Pous, Els, Jayasinghe, Péntek-Zakar, Wilms, Al-Saadi & Carranza, 2017

 Ruus al Jibal Fan-footed Gecko,  الأقدام مروحية الجبال رؤوس وزغة  DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180397 

Abstract

The Hajar Mountains of south-eastern Arabia form an isolated massif surrounded by the sea to the east and by a large desert to the west. As a result of their old geological origin, geographical isolation, complex topography and local climate, these mountains provide an important refuge for endemic and relict species of plants and animals. With 19 species restricted to the Hajar Mountains, reptiles are the vertebrate group with the highest level of endemicity, becoming an excellent model for understanding the patterns and processes that generate and shape diversity in this arid mountain range. The geckos of the Ptyodactylus hasselquistii species complex are the largest geckos in Arabia and are found widely distributed across the Arabian Mountains, constituting a very important component of the reptile mountain fauna. Preliminary analyses suggested that their diversity in the Hajar Mountains may be higher than expected and that their systematics should be revised. In order to tackle these questions, we inferred a nearly complete calibrated phylogeny of the genus Ptyodactylus to identify the origin of the Hajar Mountains lineages using information from two mitochondrial and four nuclear genes. Genetic variability within the Hajar Mountains was further investigated using 68 specimens of Ptyodactylus from 46 localities distributed across the entire mountain range and sequenced for the same genes as above. The molecular phylogenies and morphological analyses as well as niche comparisons indicate the presence of two very old sister cryptic species living in allopatry: one restricted to the extreme northern Hajar Mountains and described as a new species herein; the other distributed across the rest of the Hajar Mountains that can be confidently assigned to the species P. orlovi. Similar to recent findings in the geckos of the genus Asaccus, the results of the present study uncover more hidden diversity in the northern Hajar Mountains and stress once again the importance of this unique mountain range as a hot spot of biodiversity and a priority focal point for reptile conservation in Arabia.

Fig 1. Geographical distribution and phylogenetic relationships of the two species from the Hajar Mountains. 

 

Fig 5. View of the common habitat in the mountainous Ruus al Jibal and general appearance in life of Ptyodactylus ruusaljibalicus sp. nov.
  (A) Rocky habitat in the type locality on the 23rd of April 2013. (B) Holotype of P. ruusaljibalicus sp. nov. (voucher code NHMUK2013.347) including a detail of the cloacal tubercles at the tail base.

 All photographs taken by Salvador Carranza. 

Taxonomy

Despite the high level of crypsis between the populations from the Ruus al Jibal and P. orlovi in the characters studied here, the results of the two mitochondrial and four nuclear gene fragments analysed (Figs 1B, 1C and 2) clearly show that these two lineages have been evolving independently for a long time. As a result of that, and based also on a few morphological traits (see diagnosis below, Tables 1 and 2 and S3 Table), we describe this unnamed population from the extreme northern part of the Hajar Mountain range as a new species.

Family Phyllodactylidae

Genus Ptyodactylus Goldfuss, 1820

Ptyodactylus ruusaljibalicus sp. nov.

Etymology. The specific name “ruusaljibalicus” is an adjective that refers to Ruus al Jibal, that means “Heads of the Mountains”, where all the specimens that belong to this species have been found to date and from where the species is probably endemic.

Diagnosis. A large size species of the genus Ptyodactylus characterized by the following combination of characters: (1) large size with a maximum recorded SVL of 90.01 mm for males and 85.94 mm for females (only one female known); (2) head narrow with elongated snout; (3) 12–13 infralabials and 12–14 supralabials; (4) dorsum with 9–11 irregular longitudinal rows of round, enlarged and slightly keeled tubercles; (5) absence of enlarged tubercles on the dorsal side of the extremities; (6) four prominent cloacal tubercles at the tail base (two on each side); (7) 9–11 subdigital scales on the 4th finger and 10–11 under the 4th toe; (8) 18–22 terminal lamellae under the 4th finger and 20–22 under the 4th toe; (9) in life, uniform light grey dorsum, some specimens with dark brown transverse bands that extended onto the tail. Underside of body and tail ivory-white.

Distribution and ecology. Despite intensive sampling across the Hajar Mountain range and other areas in Arabia carried out between 2004 and 2014, Ptyodactylus ruusaljibalicus sp. nov. has only been found in the Ruus al Jibal region, from the Musandam Peninsula to the Dibba region in the UAE. It can be therefore considered endemic to this distinctive geographical area (Fig 1A). The northernmost and southernmost localities lie approximately 26 km northwest and 58 km south-west of the type locality, respectively. The minimum distance between Ptyodactylus ruusaljibalicus sp. nov. and P. orlovi is 23 km by air. Ptyodactylus ruusaljibalicus sp. nov. inhabits cliffs and cave fissures, rocks and boulders at different heights. The species is mainly nocturnal, although some specimens were out in the shade during the day.

Proposal of common names.

English: Ruus al Jibal fan-footed gecko

Arabic: الأقدام مروحية الجبال رؤوس وزغة

Marc Simó-Riudalbas, Margarita Metallinou, Philip de Pous, Johannes Els, Sithum Jayasinghe, Erika Péntek-Zakar, Thomas Wilms, Saleh Al-Saadi, Salvador Carranza. 2017. Cryptic Diversity in Ptyodactylus (Reptilia: Gekkonidae) from the northern Hajar Mountains of Oman and the United Arab Emirates uncovered by An Integrative Taxonomic Approach.
 PLoS ONE. 12(8): e0180397. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180397

    

---------------------------------------------------------------

روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Mammalogy • 2016] Euroscaptor orlovi & E. kuznetsovi • Secrets of the Underground Vietnam: An Underestimated Species Diversity of Asian Moles (Lipotyphla: Talpidae: Euroscaptor) ---ScRaBBlE

Euroscaptor orlovi

Zemlemerova, Bannikova, Lebedev, Rozhnov & Abramov, 2016

 istina.msu.ru

ABSTRACT

 A study of the Southeast Asian moles of the genus Euroscaptor based on a combined approach, viz. DNA sequence data combined with a multivariate analysis of cranial characters, has revealed a high cryptic diversity of the group. An analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and five nuclear genes has revealed two deeply divergent clades: the western one (E. klossi + E. malayana + E. longirostris from Sichuan + Euroscaptor spp. from northern Vietnam and Yunnan, China), and the eastern one (E. parvidens s.l. + E. subanura). The pattern of genetic variation in the genus Euroscaptor discovered in the present study provides support for the existence of several cryptic lineages that could be treated as distinct species based on their genetic and morphological distinctness and geographical distribution. The moles from southern China and northern Vietnam form three distinct groups. The specimens from Sichuan (including the one collected from the type locality of E. longirostris) were clearly distinct from the northwestern Vietnam and Yunnan samples that were previously attributed to this species. We argue that the real distribution of E. longirostris is restricted to Sichuan, northward of Yangtze River, whereas the populations occurring southward of this isolation barrier evidently represent a new species Euroscaptor orlovi sp. nov. (northwestern Vietnam and Yunnan, southern China). Moreover, Red River that divides the western and eastern parts of northern Vietnam beyond doubt separates the population of E. orlovi from the moles occurring in northeastern Vietnam (Vinh Phuc and Cao Bang provinces); the latter are described here as Euroscaptor kuznetsovi sp. nov. Yet, genetic data are in favour of a close affinity of E. subanura with E. parvidens. A combined analysis of both genetic and morphological data has revealed a strong geographic segregation of E. parvidens samples. The populations from Dalat Plateau (southern Vietnam), including the moles from Loc Bao, Bi Dup and Chu Yang Sin, form a well-supported clade and can be considered true E. parvidens. The specimens from central Vietnam (Kon Tum and Quang Nam provinces) are significantly different from them, yet their monophyly has been supported by the mtDNA only. The moles from central Vietnam have been described here as a new subspecies Euroscaptor parvidens ngoclinhensis ssp. nov. All the studied samples of E. subanura have shown a low genetic and morphological variability despite their wide geographic range. 

Key words: cryptic species, Euroscaptor, multilocus phylogeny, multivariate analyses, taxonomy

SYSTEMATICS 

Genus Euroscaptor Miller, 1940

 Type species: Talpa klossi Thomas, 1929. 

Distribution: widely distributed in South Asia, occurring in China, Nepal, Laos, Vietnam, Myanmar, Thailand, and Peninsular Malaysia. 

Composition: Euroscaptor klossi (Thomas, 1929), Euroscaptor longirostris (Milne-Edwards, 1870), Euroscaptor malayana (Chasen, 1940), Euroscaptor parvidens (Miller, 1940), Euroscaptor subanura Kawada et al., 2012, Euroscaptor orlovi sp. nov., and Euroscaptor kuznetsovi sp. nov. (see descriptions below). Probably, also includes Euroscaptor grandis Miller, 1940 and Euroscaptor micrura (Hodgson, 1841). The taxonomic status of “Talpa” cryptura Blyth, 1843 from Darjeeling, India remains obscure. 

Euroscaptor orlovi sp. nov.

Diagnosis. Large-sized mole, comparable to E. longirostris. Pelage blackish brown. Tail long and club-shaped. Rostral part of skull elongated and narrow. Posterolingual border of P4 deeply concave. Anterior parts of auditory bullae flatted and straddling. A new species distinguished by the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b and five nuclear genes (BRCA1, BRCA2, ApoB, RAG1 and A2ab) (see Figs 2–4).

Etymology. The new species is named in honour of Dr. Nikolai L. Orlov (Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia) in recognition of his remarkable contributions to the study of animals of Vietnam. 

Distribution. Found in northern Vietnam (Lao Cai Province, Sa Pa District) and southern China (Yunnan Province). It may have a wider distribution in the highlands of northern Laos and in northwestern Vietnam, probably westward of Red River.

Euroscaptor kuznetsovi sp. nov.

Diagnosis. Large-sized mole, comparable to E. longirostris and E. orlovi sp. nov. Pelage blackish brown. Tail long and club-shaped. Rostral part of skull elongated and relatively wide. Posterolingual border of P4 deeply concave. Anterior parts of auditory bullae flatted and straddling. A new species distinguished by the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b and five nuclear genes (BRCA1, BRCA2, ApoB, RAG1 and A2ab) (see Figs 2–4).

Etymology. The new species is named in honour of Dr. German V. Kuznetsov (A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow) in recognition of his many contributions to the study of mammals of Vietnam. 

Distribution. Distributed in north-eastern Vietnam. It is recorded from Vinh Phuc Province (Tam Dao) and Cao Bang Province (Nguyen Binh District). Found at the elevations of 750–950 m a.s.l. Probably, the record from Guangxi, south-eastern China (Hoffman and Lunde 2008) belongs to this species as well. 

Euroscaptor parvidens ngoclinhensis subsp. nov.

Diagnosis. Small-sized mole, comparable only to E. subanura, and smaller on average in its external and cranial measurements than the nominotypical E. parvidens. The fourth upper premolar with a well developed parastyle. A new species distinguished by the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b (see Fig. 2).

Etymology. The subspecies is named after the Ngoc Linh Mountain in Kon Tum Province of Vietnam, from where it was collected for the first time. 

Distribution. Known from the Central Highlands of Vietnam (Kon Tum and Quang Nam provinces). Probably, the moles from Gia Lai Province (Abramov et al. 2013a) belong to this subspecies. 

E.D. Zemlemerova, A.A. Bannikova, V.S. Lebedev, V.V. Rozhnov and A.V. Abramov. 2016. Secrets of the Underground Vietnam: An Underestimated Species Diversity of Asian Moles (Lipotyphla: Talpidae: Euroscaptor) [ТАЙНЫ ПОДЗЕМНОГО ВЬЕТНАМА: НЕДООЦЕНЕННОЕ ВИДОВОЕ РАЗНООБРАЗИЕ АЗИАТСКИХ КРОТОВ (LIPOTYPHLA: TALPIDAE: EUROSCAPTOR)]. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS. 320(2); 193–220.   istina.msu.ru/publications/article/22015267 

zin.ru/journals/trudyzin/doc/vol_320_2/TZ_320_2_Zemlemerova.pdf

ResearchGate.net/publication/304013191_underestimated_species_diversity_of_Asian_moles_Euroscaptor

Stranger Species shar.es/1M90OQ

---------------------------------------------------------------

روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Herpetology • 2018] Resolving Taxonomic Turbulence and Uncovering Cryptic Diversity in the Musk Turtles (Sternotherus) Using Robust Demographic Modeling; Sternotherus intermedius ---ScRaBBlE

Sternotherus intermedius

Scott, Glenn & Rissler, 2018

DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.11.008  

Highlights

• We use 3RADseq to resolve Musk Turtle (Sternotherus) systematics.

• We discover cryptic species-level diversity in Sternotherus.

• Multiple species-tree methods infer conflicting relationships for Sternotherus species.

• Robust demographic modeling provides resolution to Sternotherus phylogeny.

• We provide a revised taxonomy for Sternotherus.

Abstract

Accurate and consistent delimitation of species and their relationships provides a necessary framework for comparative studies, understanding evolutionary relationships, and informing conservation management. Despite the ever-increasing availability of genomic data, evolutionary dynamics can still render some relationships exceedingly difficult to resolve, including underlying speciation events that are rapid, recent, or confounded by post-speciation introgression. Here we present an empirical study of musk turtles (Sternotherus), which illustrates approaches to resolve difficult nodes in the Tree of Life that robust species-tree methods fail to resolve. We sequence 4430 RAD-loci from 205 individuals. Independent coalescent-based analyses, corroborated with morphology and geography, strongly support the recognition of cryptic species within Sternotherus, but with conflicting or weak support for some intraspecific relationships. To resolve species-tree conflict, we use a likelihood-based approach to test support for alternative demographic models behind alternative speciation scenarios and argue that demographic model testing has an important role for resolving systematic relationships in recent, rapid radiations. Species-tree and demographic modeling strongly support the elevation of two nominal subspecies in Sternotherus to species and the recognition of a previously cryptic species (Sternotherus intermedius sp. nov.) described within. The evolutionary and taxonomic history of Sternotherus is discussed in the context of these new species and novel and well-supported systematic hypotheses.

Keywords: Sternotherus, Species delimitation, Demographic models, Cryptic species, Species tree conflict

A revised and consistent taxonomy for Sternotherus

We find strong support for the recognition of S. odoratus (Latreille in Sonnini and Latreille, 1802:122) and S. carinatus (Gray, 1855:211) as they have been previously defined; therefore, the taxonomic status of these species will not be discussed further.

A.1. The Sternotherus minor species group

A.2. Sternotherus depressusTinkle and Webb, 1955

A.3. Sternotherus intermedius Scott et al., new species

Etymology. Medieval Latin intermediātus, past participle of intermediāre. This species is named for its long recognition as being a hypothetical “intermediate” form between S. peltifer and S. minor (e.g. Ernst et al., 1988), as turtles now attributed to S. intermedius have historically been recognized as hybrids between the two aforementioned species due to having a superficially intermediate morphology. The name is a noun in apposition.

Distribution – S. intermedius is endemic to only the Choctawhatchee and Escambia River basins and associated waters from the Apalachicola Bay in southern Alabama and the Florida panhandle (including the Choctawhatchee, Conecah, Yellow, Pea, Blackwater, and Escambia rivers drainages). This distribution is bordered to the north and west by the greater Mobile River Basin (including the Alabama, Coosa, and Tallapoosa River drainages), where it is replaced by S. pelitifer, and to the east by the greater Apalachicola River Basin (including the Chattahoochee and Flint River drainages), where it is replaced by S. minor.

A.4. Sternotheris peltifer Smith and Glass, 1947

A.5. Sternotherus minor Agassiz, 1857

  Peter A.Scott, Travis C.Glenn and Leslie J.Rissler. 2018.  Resolving Taxonomic Turbulence and Uncovering Cryptic Diversity in the Musk Turtles (Sternotherus) Using Robust Demographic Modeling. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.  120; 1-15. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.11.008 

Meet the intermediate musk turtle, Alabama's newest turtle species  bhamnow.com/index.php/2017/12/16/turtle/  @now_bham

---------------------------------------------------------------

روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Ichthyology • 2017] Cryptic Diversity in the Indian Clade of the Catfish Family Pangasiidae Resolved by the Description of A New Species, Pangasius silasi ---ScRaBBlE

Pangasius silasi 

Dwivedi, Gupta, Singh, Mohindra, Chandra, Easawarn, Jena & Lal, 2017 

DOI: 10.1007/s10750-017-3198-z 

Abstract

Among 22 species of the genus Pangasius, distributed in Southeast and South Asia, only one species, Pangasius pangasius, is known to exist in South Asia. Phylogenetic analysis based upon COI and Cytb sequences suggested that the P. pangasius species clade consists of two subclades. Based upon the genetic and the following morphological evidence, we conclude that these DNA sequence based sister subclades represent two distinct species, P. pangasius and an undescribed species from river Krishna, named as Pangasius silasi. Morphologically, P. silasi is differentiated from its congener P. pangasius by a combination of characters, such as vomero-palatal teeth confluent as an uninterrupted curved band (vs two lunate vomero-palatal teeth patches on each side with a wide gap in the center) and vertebral count of 48 (vs 44). For several morphological characters, P. silasi is also distinct from P. myanmar, which is reported from Myanmar and has overlapping distribution with P. pangasius. Finally, the vomero-palatine dentition in P. silasi is distinct from the dentition structures reported for all the other Pangasius species. The biogeographical significance of finding this new species, P. silasi, in a river of the Indian peninsula is also discussed in this report.

Keywords: Pangasius, River Krishna, DNA sequences, Molecular phylogeny, Morphology, Biogeography

Fig. 4: Lateral view of the Pangasius silasi (a) holotype (NBFGR/PP 76, 321.2 mm SL) Fresh condition and (b) Formalin Preserved. c Paratype, fresh condition (NBFGR/PP 78, 379.5 mm SL) 

 Pangasius silasi sp. nov

The specimens of Pangasius sp. nov., (named as Pangasius silasi) PP 72–78 and PSH 01 (eight specimens.), 247.8–407.4 mm SL, were collected through the fish landings from Krishna River at Nagarjuna Sagar Dam, 16°53′N 79°26′E; Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, India; Lal et al., 3 May 2013 (Fig. 4). This water body is shared between the Two Indian states, Andhra Pradesh (district Guntur) and Telangana (district Nalgonda). These specimens were studied for morphomeristic measurements and DNA sequence analysis. For future reference, the designated holotype PP 76 (321.2 mm SL) and paratype PP 78 (SL 379.5 mm SL) are preserved in NBFGR repository. Paratype (NBFGR Acc. No. NBFGR/PP 71) has been deposited with Museum of Zoological Survey of India, Kolkatta (ZSI FF 5621).

Distribution: At present P. silasi is known only from the type locality, the Krishna River at Nagarjuna Sagar Dam in Telangana, India.

Etymology of Nomenclature: The species name of P. silasi is derived from the name of Dr. E.G. Silas, who has made important contributions to taxonomy of Indian fish species, their biogeography and evolutionary divergence with the eminent scientist Prof. S. L. Hora.

Arvind K. Dwivedi, Braj Kishor Gupta, Rajeev K. Singh, Vindhya Mohindra, Suresh Chandra, Suresh Easawarn, Joykrushna Jena and Kuldeep K. Lal. 2017. Cryptic Diversity in the Indian Clade of the Catfish Family Pangasiidae Resolved by the Description of A New Species. Hydrobiologia. DOI: 10.1007/s10750-017-3198-z

---------------------------------------------------------------

روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Entomology • 2017] Revision of the Nearctic Parathalassius Mik (Diptera: Dolichopodidae: Parathalassiinae), with A Review of the World Fauna ---ScRaBBlE

Parathalassius abela 

Brooks & Cumming, 2017

DOI:  10.11646/zootaxa.4314.1.1 

Abstract

The Nearctic species of Parathalassius Mik are revised and the world species are reviewed. Twelve species are recorded from the Nearctic Region including nine new species: P. abela sp. nov., P. aldrichi Melander, P. candidatus Melander, P. dilatus sp. nov., P. infuscatus sp. nov., P. melanderi Cole, P. midas sp. nov., P. sinclairi sp. nov., P. socali sp. nov., P. susanae sp. nov., P. uniformus sp. nov., and P. wheeleri sp. nov. Lectotype designations are made for P. aldrichi Melander and P. melanderi Cole. A key to the 15 world species is provided and the distributions of the Nearctic species are mapped. COI mitochondrial DNA barcode sequences were obtained for 12 species of Parathalassius. A morphological phylogenetic analysis of the included species is presented and known ecological information is summarized.

Keywords: Diptera, Empidoidea, Dolichopodidae, Parathalassiinae, Parathalassius, Nearctic, Palaearctic, new species, morphology, DNA barcodes, cryptic diversity, phylogeny, zoogeography, ecology, sandy coastal beaches, dunes, El Segundo

Males of Parathalassius abela sp. nov., resting on Ambrosia chamissonis (Less.) Greene (beach bur), at Surf Beach, California.

Photo: Alice Abela. 

Scott E. Brooks and Jeffrey M. Cumming. 2017. Revision of the Nearctic Parathalassius Mik (Diptera: Dolichopodidae: Parathalassiinae), with A Review of the World Fauna. Zootaxa. 4314(1); 1–64. DOI:  10.11646/zootaxa.4314.1.1

---------------------------------------------------------------

روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Mammalogy • 2018] Climate Niche Conservatism and Complex Topography Illuminate the Cryptic Diversification of Asian Shrew‐like Moles (Uropsilus, Uropsilinae, Talpidae) ---ScRaBBlE

Uropsilus sp. 

in Wan, He, Jin, et al., 2018. 

DOI: 10.1111/jbi.13401  

twitter.com/JBiogeography  twitter.com/Tao_UUan 

Abstract

Aim: 

The drivers of extraordinary species diversity and endemism in biodiversity hotspots remain elusive. To identify such drivers, it is necessary to understand the origin of allopatric cryptic diversity that formed as an important part of the biodiversity in low‐latitude montane areas. Here, we test hypotheses regarding the patterns and processes that underlie the diversity of Asian shrew‐like moles (Uropsilus, Uropsilinae, Talpidae), which exhibit strikingly high cryptic diversity. Specifically, we test the hypotheses that niche conservatism and complex topography explain the largely cryptic diversification of these small montane mammals.

Location: 

The mountains of Southwest China (MSC), which are a biodiversity hotspot, and adjacent areas.

Materials and methods: 

A total of 186 specimens that include all seven species of Uropsilus were collected from key geographical areas of the MSC. One mitochondrial and six nuclear genes were sequenced for phylogenetic and phylogeographical analyses. We reconstructed the phylogeny and delimited species boundaries within Uropsilus using multiple methods. We also tested the hypothesis of phylogenetic niche conservatism and examined the effect of topography on genetic divergence. Furthermore, we implemented a hierarchical examination of spatial‐temporal dynamics in our study system.

Results: 

Phylogenetic and species delimitation analyses discovered vastly more cryptic diversity than had been identified in morphology‐based taxonomy. Significant niche similarity between sibling phylogroups was detected and the genetic structure of Uropsilus accorded well with the topography of the MSC. Relatively stable biogeographical diffusion and demography, as well as in situ persistence during the last glacial cycle, were detected.

Main conclusions: 

Our analysis indicates that much genetic diversification has occurred without evident niche divergence; hence topographical diversity has provided strongly geographical isolation and ecological gradients which reinforce niche conservatism for sedentary organisms. Cryptic species, as the consequence of a lack of variability in the traits, is attributed to stabilizing selection by the optimal ecological and/or climatic envelopes over evolutionary time‐scales. Our findings indicate that global biodiversity in certain areas could be underestimated. Analyses of other biological systems can determine the universality of niche conservatism in the mountains of Southwest China.

KEYWORDS: Asian shrew-like moles, cryptic diversity, mountains of Southwest China, niche conservatism, phylogeography, sky islands, Uropsilus

Tao Wan, Kai He, Wei Jin, Shao‐Ying Liu, Zhong‐Zheng Chen, Bin Zhang, Robert W. Murphy and Xue‐Long Jiang. 2018. Climate Niche Conservatism and Complex Topography Illuminate the Cryptic Diversification of Asian Shrew‐like Moles. Journal of Biogeography. DOI: 10.1111/jbi.13401  

twitter.com/JBiogeography/status/1028498774015074304

 twitter.com/Tao_UUan/status/1028747901835661313

---------------------------------------------------------------

روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.