To elucidate the taxonomy of the Lecanorchis nigricans Honda, 1931 species complex, the present study investigated the detailed morphology of three L. nigricans varieties in Japan. While L.nigricans var. patipetala Y.Sawa, 1980 and L. nigricans var. yakusimensis T.Hashim., 1990 have often been treated as synonyms of L. nigricans var. nigricans, the present study demonstrates that the three varieties are morphologically distinct. More specifically, L. nigricans var. nigricans only produces complete cleistogamous flowers and is distinct from the plants currently called “L. nigricans”, which are identical to the chasmogamous variety L. nigricans var. patipetala. The other chasmogamous variety L. nigricans var. yakusimensis can be easily distinguished from L. nigricans var. patipetala by its more spatulate tepals and higher cucullate lip. Therefore, the present study provides emended description of the three L. nigricans varieties based on type specimens and specimens collected from type localities. In addition, the isotype specimen of L. nigricans var. patipetala is designated as the lectotype because the holotype has been lost.
Keywords: Japan, Lecanorchis nigricans var. yakusimensis, Lecanorchis nigricans var. patipetala, Lecanorchis taiwaniana, lectotypification, mycoheterotrophy, taxonomy
A Flowering plant and B cleistogamous flowers ofLecanorchis nigricans var. nigricansin Oka, Kamitonda, Wakayama, Japan (its type locality). Photographed by Hirokazu Fukunaga
C Flowering plant and D a flower of Lecanorchis nigricans var. patipetala in Haruno, Kochi, Japan. E Flowering plant and F a flower of Lecanorchis nigricans var. yakusimensiscollected in Hanaage River, Yakushima, Japan (its type locality).
Photographed by Hiroaki Yamashita.
Figure 1. Photographs of three varieties of Lecanorchis nigricans in their natural habitats. A Flowering plant and B cleistogamous flowers ofLecanorchis nigricans var. nigricansin Oka, Kamitonda, Wakayama, Japan (its type locality). Photographed by Hirokazu Fukunaga C Flowering plant and D a flower of Lecanorchis nigricans var. patipetala in Haruno, Kochi, Japan. Photographed by Hisanori Takeuchi E Flowering plant and F a flower of Lecanorchis nigricans var. yakusimensiscollected in Hanaage River, Yakushima, Japan (its type locality). Photographed by Hiroaki Yamashita.
Kenji Suetsugu, Chie Shimaoka, Hirokazu Fukunaga and Shinichiro Sawa. 2018. The Taxonomic Identity of Three Varieties of Lecanorchis nigricans (Vanilleae, Vanilloideae, Orchidaceae) in Japan. PhytoKeys. 92: 17-35. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.92.21657
كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا
شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا
رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا
تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا
ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.
Pachyptera DC. is a small genus of neotropical lianas included in tribe Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae). The genus has a complicated taxonomic history but currently includes species distributed from Belize to Southern Amazon. Pachyptera is characterised by four main synapomorphies, namely, a papery peeling bark, prophylls of the axillary buds organised in a series of three, patelliform glands arranged in lines in the upper portions of the calyx and corolla tube. Furthermore, members of the genus also have stems with four phloem wedges in cross-section and conspicuous extrafloral nectaries between the interpetiolar region and at the petiole apex, although these characters are also shared with other genera of tribe Bignonieae. Here, we present a taxonomic revision of Pachyptera, which includes a complete list of synonyms, detailed morphological descriptions of species and an identification key, as well as information on the habitat, distribution and phenology, nomenclatural notes, taxonomic comments and illustrations of all the species. In addition, we designate three lectotypes, propose one new combination, raise one variety to species status and describe a new species. After these adjustments, a Pachyptera with five well-defined species is recognised.
Figure 1. Schematic diagram summarising phylogenetic relationships within Pachyptera, with morphological characters mapped on the diagram. Names of the terminal taxa indicate the taxon in which these species were previously included. The taxonomic updates proposed here are also indicated. Relationships depicted follow Francisco and Lohmann (submitted).
Figure 2. Sample of morphological features of Pachyptera. A–D Pachypteraaromatica: A Inflorescence B Frontal view of flowers C Detail of inflorescence and flowers, showing calyx partition D Interpetiolar region of stem with extra floral nectaries (EFNs) and prophylls of the axillary buds 3-seriated, triangular and minute E–F P. erythraea: E Inflorescence F Frontal view of flowers G–L P. incarnata: G Stem with tendril surrounding a tree H Interpetiolar region of stem with EFNs and prophylls of the axillary buds flattened, ensiform and seriated I Inflorescence J Frontal view of flower K Pink patelliform glands on flower lobes L Detail of calyx M–Q P. kerere: M Stem cross-section with four phloem wedges N Inflorescence O Frontal view of flower P White patelliform glands on flower lobes Q Detail of calyx.
Jessica Nayara Carvalho Francisco and Lúcia G. Lohmann. 2018. Taxonomic Revision of Pachyptera (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae). PhytoKeys. 92: 89-131. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.92.20987
كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا
شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا
رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا
تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا
ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.
Aristolochia sinoburmanica Y.H.Tan & B.Yang, a new species of Aristolochiaceae from Putao, Kachin State, Myanmar, is described and illustrated. According to morphology (strongly curved perianth, 3-lobed limb, as well as 3-lobed gynostemium, anthers 6, adnate in 3 pairs to the base of gynostemium, opposite to the lobes), the species belongs to Aristolochia subgenus Siphisia. It is morphologically similar to A. faviogonzalezii, A. hainanensis, A. tonkinensis, A. saccata and A. xuanlienensis. The major differences between them are outlined and discussed. A detailed description, along with line drawings, photographs, habitat, distribution and conservation status, as well as a comparison to morphologically similar species, are also provided.
Keywords: Kachin state, Aristolochia, Aristolochiaceae, field expedition, Myanmar
Figure 2. Aristolochia sinoburmanica Y.H.Tan & B.Yang, sp. nov. A young branch and adaxial leaf B young branch and abaxial leaf C cymes on old woody stems D front view of preanthesis flower E front view of open flower F lateral view of open flower G lateral view of young flower H longitudinal section of flower I gynostemium, ovary and pedicel. (Photographed by Y. H. Tan, H. B. Ding & B. Yang).
Diagnosis: Aristolochia sinoburmanica is morphologically similar to A. hainanensis Merrill, A. saccata Wallich, A. xuanlienensis (Huong et al. 2014), A. faviogonzalezii T. V. Do, S. Wanke & C. Neinhuis and A. tonkinensis T.V. Do & S. Wanke from Vietnam (Do et al. 2015a), but is distinguishable from these species by the following diagnostic characters: leaf blade ovate or ovate-lanceolate to narrowly ovate, subcoriaceous, base rounded to slightly cordate; cyme solitary on old woody stems and young branches, each cyme with 1–2 flowers; perianth claret (deep purple red), outside densely brown hirsute with parallel dark purple veins, 6.5–7.5 cm high; tube horseshoe-shaped, 8.3–8.5 cm, uniformly claret (deep purple red), with visible dark purple veins, limb trumpet-shaped, 4.2–4.8 cm high, 4–4.4 cm wide, 3-lobed, lobes subequal; throat deep purple red, glabrous.
Etymology: The species epithet refers to the type locality in Myanmar and adjacent regions of China. It also shows that the two countries are friendly neighbours, their friendship being retained over a long period and also expresses our appreciation for the whole-hearted cooperation amongst members of the China-Myanmar joint expedition.
Distribution and habitat: Aristolochia sinoburmanica is hitherto known from the type locality of Putao, Kachin state in north Myanmar and adjacent regions of Gongshan County, northwest Yunnan, southwest China, where, according to one sheet of the specimen deposited in KUN, it is a perennial liana which grows under the montane broadleaf forests, at an elevation of ca. 900–1400 m.
Discussion: Aristolochia sinoburmanica is morphologically similar to A. faviogonzalezii, A. hainanensis, A. tonkinensis, A. saccata and A. xuanlienensis. However, the new species differs from the aforementioned species in several important vegetative and reproductive characters (summarised in Table 1). A. sinoburmanica, with a horseshoe-shaped perianth of 3 lobes which are valvate in preanthesis, annulated perianth throat and gynostemium with trilobed stigma on top, each lobe consisting of one pair of stamens, belongs to the Aristolochia subgenus Siphisia (Wanke et al. 2006, Do et al. 2015a).This new discovery, along with several new species recently described from Vietnam (Huong et al. 2014, Do et al. 2014, 2015a, 2015b), Guangxi and Hainan Island, China (Xu et al. 2011, Huang et al. 2013, Wu et al. 2013) and Peninsular Malaysia (Yao 2012), provide evidence that the genus Aristolochia and, in particular, Aristolochia subgenus Siphisia is very diverse in South-East Asia. Currently there are only 12 Aristolochia species recorded in Myanmar (Kress et al. 2003), indicating that the species diversity of Aristolochia in Myanmar is still open to discovery. It is predicted that more new species will be discovered when more field investigations are conducted in this region.
Bin Yang, Hong-Bo Ding, Shi-Shun Zhou, Xinxin Zhu, Ren Li, Mya Bhone Maw and Yun-Hong Tan. 2018. Aristolochia sinoburmanica (Aristolochiaceae), A New Species from north Myanmar. PhytoKeys. 94: 13-22. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.94.21557
كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا
شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا
رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا
تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا
ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.
A new circumscription and a total of six microendemic species, four of them new to science, are herein presented for Siderasis, based on field and herbaria studies, and cultivated material. We provide an identification key to the species and a distribution map, description, comments, conservation assessment, and illustration for each species. Also, we present an emended key to the genera of subtribe Dichorisandrinae, and comments on the morphology and systematics of the subtribe.
Figure 1. Floral morphology of subtribe Dichorisandrinae s.l.
A–C Siderasis Raf. emend M.Pell. & Faden: A S. fuscata (Lodd.) H.E.Moore B S. albofasciata M.Pell. C S. zorzanellii M.Pell. & Faden.
D–L Dichorisandra J.C.Mikan: D D. acaulis Cogn. E D. hexandra (Aubl.) C.B.Clarke F D. thyrsiflora J.C.Mikan G D. paranaënsis D.Maia et al. H D. nana Aona & M.C.E.Amaral I D. incurva Mart. JD. penduliflora Kunth KD. sagittata Aona & M.C.E.Amaral LD. radicalis Nees & Mart.
M Cochliostema odoratissimum Lem. N Geogenanthus rhizanthus (Ule) G.Brückn. O Plowmanianthus panamensis Faden & C.R.Hardy.
Photographs A–B, D–G, J by M.O.O. Pellegrini, C by J.P.F. Zorzanelli, H by V. Bittrich, I by G.H. Shimizu, K by J.L. Costa-Lima, L by M.A.N. Coelho, M by R. Moran, N by D. Scherberich, and O by C.R. Hardy.
Pyrrheima Hassk., Flora 52: 366. 1869, nom. illeg. Type species (designated here). P. loddigesii Hassk., nom. illeg. [≡ S. fuscata (Lodd.) H.E.Moore].
Type species: Siderasis acaulis Raf. [≡ S. fuscata (Lodd.) H.E.Moore].
Etymology: Siderasis was named in allusion to the peculiar red to bright-red hairs that cover almost the entire plant, but especially the leaves. However, only S. fuscata possesses the aforementioned hairs, and all of the remaining species possess leaf blades covered by hyaline to light brown, rarely rusty hairs.
Habitat, distribution and ecology: Siderasis is endemic to the Atlantic Forest domain in coastal Brazil, occurring in the states of Bahia, Espírito Santo, and Rio de Janeiro (Fig. 2). More specifically, Siderasis is restricted to the Central Corridor of the Atlantic Forest, growing in remnants of semideciduous forests associated with inselbergs, between 90–1350 m above sea level. The genus is composed exclusively by microendemic species distributed in very small and fragmented subpopulations, susceptible to deforestation and illegal collection of specimens for ornamental purposes.
....
1. Siderasis albofasciata M.Pell., Nordic J. Bot. 35(1): 30. 2017.
Etymology: The epithet means “white-striped”, making reference to the thin and always present, white to silver stripe along the midvein of this species’ leaves.
Distribution and habitat: Siderasis albofasciata is known exclusively from the municipalities of Santa Teresa and Fundão, state of Espírito Santo (Fig. 2). It occurs in the understory of evergreen forests, in shady areas with shallow and rocky soil, with great leaf-litter accumulation.
Figure 7. Siderasis almeidaeM.Pell. & Faden. A habit, showing a fertile rosette B detail of the elongated aerial stem, showing the rusty internodes and leaf-sheaths C detail of the lanate indumentum on the abaxial side of the leaf blade D detail of the hispid indumentum on the adaxial side of the leaf blade E detail of the inflorescence, showing the contracted cincinnus and some floral buds F front view of a flower, showing the fleshy and internally purple sepals, and the lanate ovary. Photographs A, F by M.A.N. Coelho, remaining photographs by M.O.O. Pellegrini.
2. Siderasis almeidae M.Pell. & Faden, sp. nov.
Diagnosis: Similar to S. fuscata due to its rusty indumentum in the leaves, lilac to purple rhomboid petals and white anthers. Also, similar to S. albofasciata due to its sessile to subpetiolate leaves, blades adaxially hispid and abaxially lanate, present bracteoles, and purple filaments and style. Nevertheless, Siderasis almeidae is peculiar in lacking terminal tubers in the roots, subterraneous stems, and having aerial stems elongate and trailing in the leaf litter, leaves entirely green, fleshy showy sepals, and a densely lanate ovary.
Etymology: The epithet honors Brazilian botanist Rafael Felipe de Almeida, a prominent specialist in Malpighiaceae, contributor in the studies of Commelinaceae, husband of the first author, and co-collector of the holotype, for his unmeasurable support in the field and in my research.
Distribution and habitat: Siderasis almeidae is confined to the municipalities of Itamarajú and Prado, Bahia (Fig. 2). It occurs in the “mata higrófila” vegetation with emerging rocky formations, in shady and moist areas. In the type locality, the subpopulations were found growing in great accumulations of leaf litter, among dense clusters of Marantaceae. The area is greatly disturbed, and within private property.
Etymology: The epithet “fuscata” means dark-colored, in allusion to the red to bright red hairs that cover almost the entire plant, in opposition to the normally hyaline hairs in most Commelinaceae.
Distribution and habitat: Siderasis fuscata is endemic to the municipalities of Rio de Janeiro (with several localities inside Floresta da Tijuca) and Niterói (with just one locality, Alto Mourão), in the Rio de Janeiro state (Fig. 2). It occurs in the vegetation on hillsides (mata de encosta) near the littoral, in shady areas with shallow and rocky soil.
Figure 9. Siderasis medusoidesM.Pell. & Faden. A habit, showing a fertile rosette B detail of the synflorescence, showing the elongated and tangled cincinni C front view of a flower, showing small ants near the flower center D detail of the capsule. Photographs by P. Fiaschi.
4. Siderasis medusoides M.Pell. & Faden, sp. nov.
Diagnosis:Similar to S. almeidae due to its sessile to subpetiolate, entirely green leaves, present bracteoles, sessile flowers, purple filaments and style combined with white anthers, and oblongoid to broadly oblongoid capsules. Siderasis medusoides is distinct due to its membranous leaves, elongate and tangled cincinni, small flowers, and purple to dark blue and elliptic to narrowly obovate or spatulate petals.
Etymology: The epithet alludes to the extremely elongated cincinni, common in mature individuals of this species, due to their resemblance to the snakes that composed the hair of Medusa, one of the three Gorgon sisters from Greek mythology.
Distribution and habitat: Siderasis medusoides is known from the municipalities of Marilândia and Santa Leopoldina, in the state of Espírito Santo (Fig. 2). It grows in lowland Atlantic Forest, in shady and moist areas with great leaf litter accumulation, 90–550 m above the sea level.
Diagnosis: Very distinctive due to its vining habit, distichously-alternate leaves, blades asymmetric at base, main florescence a many-branched thyrse, with alternate cincinni, flowers zygomorphic, bisexual or staminate, stamens unequal, curved upwards, sigmoid filaments, and capsules globose and shallowly foveolate. It can be differentiated from S. zorzanellii by its membranous and velutine leaves, inflorescences always terminal in the secondary branches, petals dark mauve to vinaceous, rarely light pink or white, with margins ciliate with non-moniliform hairs.
Etymology: The epithet means “admirable, remarkable, spectacular”, in allusion to its distinctive growth form, small flowers with a peculiar coloration, and the unique petal margins ciliate with non-moniliform hairs.
Distribution and habitat: Siderasis spectabilis is confined to the type locality, in the native vegetation of the Horto Santos Lima (currently the headquarters of the Desengano State Park), in Santa Maria Madalena, state of Rio de Janeiro (Fig. 2). Nothing is known about this species habitat, since the original labels give no information on the area and all field expeditions to recollect this plant have been unsuccessful.
6. Siderasiszorzanellii M.Pell. & Faden, sp. nov.
Diagnosis: Similar to S. spectabilis due to its vining habit, distichously-alternate leaves, blades asymmetric at base, main florescence a many-branched thyrse, with alternate cincinni, flowers bisexual or staminate, zygomorphic, stamens unequal, curved upwards and sigmoid filaments. It can be differentiated from by its chartaceous and sparsely velutine leaves, inflorescences axillary in the primary branches or terminal in the secondary branches, and petals white with glabrous margins.
Etymology: The epithet honors the collector of the type specimens, João Paulo Fernandes Zorzanelli, Brazilian botanist and dear friend of the authors. JPFZ is an active and prominent collector in the state of Espírito Santo, with collections currently focused on Serra do Valentim, the type locality of S. zorzanellii.
Distribution and habitat: Siderasis zorzanellii is confined to the municipality of Iúna, Espírito Santo (Fig. 2). It occurs in the “Floresta Ombrófila Densa Montana” vegetation, at 1200–1350 m above the sea level, generally near disturbed sites, being less frequent in well-preserved areas. This could be related to its climbing habit and the need of more sunlight exposure then the rosette species of the genus. This pattern is common in other liana and vine groups, such as Bignoniaceae, Malpighiaceae, and Sapindaceae (Acevedo-Rodríguez, pers. comm.), especially evident in big families such as Asteraceae, where the primarily climbing genus Mikania Willd. is almost exclusively found at the edge of forests, along trails, and in disturbed areas (Oliveira 2015).
Final remarks
The present work adds four new species to Siderasis, along with the addition of new morphological characters that help clarify the circumscription of the group. Siderasis Raf. emend. M.Pell. & Faden may be uniquely characterized as comprising small perennial rosette herbs or robust perennial vines, with shoots determinate or indeterminate, leaves spirally- or distichously-alternate. The inflorescences are terminal or axillary, either a many-branched thyrse with alternate cincinni or reduced to a solitary cincinnus, cincinni always several-flowered. The flowers are chasmogamous, bisexual or male, actinomorphic or zygomorphic, and petals with glabrous margins or ciliated with non-moniliform hairs. The androecium is composed of 6 fertile stamens, filaments straight or sigmoid, anthers dorsifixed and extrorsely rimose, anther sacs semicircular, divergent, connectives expanded and quadrangular. In the gynoecium, the stigma is annular-truncate or annular-capitate, marginally papillate with unicellular papillae restricted to the margin of the stigmatic regions. Also, similar to Dichorisandra, the capsules are thick-walled, and the seeds are arillate, biseriate to partially uniseriate, with semidorsal or semilateral embryotega, and a C-shaped hilum. All species accepted by us are easily diagnosed by a unique and constant combination of morphological character states. Furthermore, each species can be easily separated based on their geographical distribution, since they are microendemics, with non-overlapping distribution areas (Fig. 2).
As indicated by several systematic studies in Commelinaceae (Evans et al. 2000, 2003; Hardy 2001; Wade et al. 2006; Zuiderveen et al. 2011; Hertweck and Pires 2014) and by the morphological evidence presented here and by Pellegrini (2017), the need to recircumscribe subtribe Dichorisandrinae is pressing. Aside from the cytological character of x=19 large chromosomes described by Jones and Jopling (1972) and hypothesized by Faden and Hunt (1991), no macro or micromorphological synapomorphies were found so far for subtribe Dichorisandrinae in its current circumscription. On the other hand, if subtribe Dichorisandrinae is recircumscribed to exclusively contain Dichorisandra and Siderasis, Dichorisandrinae s.s. can be easily morphologically characterized by its thick-walled capsules, the biseriate to partially uniseriate arillate seeds, semidorsal to semilateral embryotega, and C-shaped hilum. The lineage composed by Geogenanthus (Cochliostema+Plowmanianthus) needs to be formally recognized as a subtribe, and can be easily circumscribed by its petals with marginally fringed with moniliform hairs, and anthers sacs curved to spirally-coiled and appressed to each other. Phylogenetic studies using both nuclear and chloroplast sequences seem promising in elucidating phylogenetic incongruences in Commelinaceae (e.g. Burns et al. 2011). However, most phylogenetic in the family so far completely disregard morphological data, with the exception of Evans et al. (2000, 2003). Studies focusing on the systematics and recircumscription of Dichorisandrinae are currently being conducted, combining morphological and molecular data (Pellegrini et al., in prep.), and should shed some light on the evolution of the reproductive biology in the family.
Marco O.O. Pellegrini and Robert B. Faden. 2017. Recircumscription and Taxonomic Revision of Siderasis, with Comments on the Systematics of Subtribe Dichorisandrinae (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys. 83; 1-41. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.83.13490
كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا
شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا
رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا
تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا
ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.
Spiranthes himalayensisis described here as a new species based primarily on molecular phylogenetic evidence followed by morphological comparison with other Asian Spiranthes species. It is distributed widely from southern India to tropical China. Phylogenetic analysis shows its close affinity to S. nivea which is endemic to Taiwan. Morphologically, the new species looks close to S. sinensis and S. hongkongensis. S. himalayensis is an allogamous species which can be differentiated from its allies on the basis of pubescent plant body, floral bract longer or of the same length as that of ovary, petals with blunt apex, labellum width around hypochile same as the width of epichile, epichile widely flabellate or semi-tunicate, column length equal to or more than 1.5 mm, clavate operculum attached to the column on the broader part by an arm-like extension emerging from the upper part of column and a well developed rostellum partitioning the stigma and pollinarium.
Keywords: Karnataka, Manipur, Orchid, Spiranthes hongkongensis, Spiranthes nivea, Spiranthes sinensis, Tamil Nadu, Yunnan, India, China
Spiranthes himalayensis Survesw., Kumar & Mei Sun, sp. nov.
Diagnosis: Spiranthes himalayensis Survesw., Kumar & Mei Sun sp. nov. is similar to S. hongkongensis, S. nivea and S. sinensis, but can be differentiated on the basis of its allogamous mode of reproduction from S. hongkongensis and S. nivea which are both autogamous. It can also be easily separated from S. nivea by its pubescent body. Other morphological distinctions separating this new species from S. hongkongensis, S. nivea and allogamous S. sinensis include: floral bract longer or of the same length as the ovary, petals with blunt apex, labellum width around hypochile is same as the width of epichile, epichile widely flabellate or semi-tunicate, column length equal to or more than 1.5 mm, clavate operculum attached to the column on the broader part by an arm-like extension emerging from the upper part of column and a well-developed rostellum separating the stigma from the pollinarium.
Habitat: Marshy areas near mountain streams or on bunds of paddy fields (Fig. 2A) where water is stagnant. Plants were usually found growing on clayey soil along with grasses.
Etymology: The specific name refers to the mighty Himalayan mountain range which is an important geographical feature in Asia. The samples collected for this study were not from the Himalayas. However, based on herbarium records and communication with other researchers, it is believed that this species is widespread in the lower altitudes of Himalayas. The evolutionary origin of this species and other Asian Spiranthes are to be further elucidated.
Currently known locations of distribution: India (Karnataka, Manipur & Tamil Nadu) & China (Yunnan and most likely Hainan (see taxonomic notes for details)).
Figure 2. Habitat and habit of Spiranthes himalayensis Survesw., Kumar & Mei Sun, sp. nov. A Habitat (type location) - along the bunds of paddy fields B Habit of S. himalayensis C Close-up of the inflorescence showing white coloured flowers with densely covered glandular hairs.
Figure 3. Spiranthes himalayensis Survesw., Kumar & Mei Sun, sp. nov. A Complete plant B Inflorescence C Floral bract D Dorsal sepal E Lateral sepal F Petal G Ovary with column and labellum H Close-up showing the glandular hairs on flower and ovary I Side view of labellum J Top view of labellum K Side view of ovary with column L Front view of ovary and column M Front view of pollinarium N Side view of pollinarium.
Note: The pinkish/bluish hue on petals of S. himalayensis is due to the black background in the plates while the flowers appear fully white in natural light.
Figure 4. Comparison of morphological characters of allied species. A Spiranthes himalayensis: 1 Close-up of inflorescence 2 A flower 3 Floral bract 4 Dorsal sepal 5 Lateral sepal 6 Petal 7 Ovary with column and labellum 8 Labellum (side view) 9 Labellum (top view) 10 Close-up showing glandular hairs on labellum and ovary 11 Ovary with column (side view) 12 Ovary with column (ventral view) B S. sinensis: 1 Close-up of inflorescence 2 A flower 3 Floral bract 4 Dorsal sepal 5 Lateral sepal 6 Petal 7 Ovary with column and labellum 8 Labellum (side view) 9 Labellum (top view) 10 Ovary with column (side view) 11 Ovary with column (ventral view) C S. hongkongensis: 1 Close-up of inflorescence 2 A flower 3 Floral bract 4 Dorsal sepal 5 Lateral sepal 6 Petal 7 Ovary with column and labellum; 8. Labellum (side view) 9 Labellum (top view) 10 Close-up showing glandular hairs on labellum and ovary 11 Ovary with column (side view) 12 Ovary with column (ventral view) D S. nivea: 1. Close-up of inflorescence; 2. A flower 3 Floral bract 4 Dorsal sepal 5 Lateral sepal 6 Petal 7 Ovary with column and labellum 8 Labellum (side view) 9 Labellum (top view) 10 Close-up showing glandular hairs on labellum and ovary 11 Ovary with column (side view) 12 Ovary with column (ventral view). Note: The pinkish/bluish hue on petals of S. himalayensis, S. nivea and S. hongkongensis is due to the black background in the plates while the flowers appear fully white in natural light.
Siddharthan Surveswaran, Pankaj Kumar, Mei Sun. 2017. Spiranthes himalayensis (Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae) A New Species from Asia. PhytoKeys. 89; 115-128. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.89.19978
كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا
شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا
رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا
تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا
ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.
A new species of Hoya R.Br. from Mindanao (Philippines), Hoya migueldavidii Cabactulan, Rodda & Pimentel, is described and illustrated. It is a member of Hoya section Acanthostemma (Blume) Kloppenb. that is particularly speciose in the Philippines. It is compared with the similar Hoya loheri Kloppenb, also endemic of the Philippines, from which it differs in indumentum of the vegetative parts (pubescent vs. glabrous), the shape of the corolla (almost spherical vs. partly flattened) and the type of gynostegium (not stipitate vs. stipitate)
Keywords: Acanthostemma, Marsdenieae, waxflower
Figure 1: Hoya migueldavidii photographed from R. Pimentel s.n. (CMUH) prior to pressing A A single flower, front view B, C Corolla, side view D Corolla, with removed corona E Revolute margins of the corolla lobes F Corona, from underneath G, H Pedicel, calyx and ovary I Pollinarium
Figure 2: Hoya migueldavidii photographed from R. Pimentel s.n. (CMUH) prior to pressing A Inflorescence B Branch C, D leaf (C adaxial surface D abaxial surface). (Photographs by M.D de Leon).
Figure 1: Hoya migueldavidii photographed from R. Pimentel s.n. (CMUH) prior to pressing A A single flower, front view B, C Corolla, side view D Corolla, with removed corona E Revolute margins of the corolla lobes F Corona, from underneath G, H Pedicel, calyx and ovary I Pollinarium (Photographs by M.D de Leon)
Figure 2: Hoya migueldavidiiphotographed from R. Pimentel s.n. (CMUH) prior to pressing A Inflorescence B Branch C, D leaf (C adaxial surface D abaxial surface). (Photographs by M.D de Leon).
Diagnosis: Among Philippine Hoya species similar to Hoya loheri in inflorescence type (positively geotropic, convex) but separated because Hoya loheri has a flattened, turban-shaped corolla (vs. almost round in Hoya migueldavidii) and leaves and stems are entirely glabrous (vs. pubescent in Hoya migueldavidii)
Figure 3. Hoya loheri photographed from Rodda M MR748 (SING) prior to pressing A Leafy branch and inflorescence B Inflorescence. (Photographs by M. Rodda)
Type: Philippines, Mindanao, Bukidnon, Mount Kitanglad, 11 Aug 2016, R. Pimentel s.n. (CMUH, holotype, sheet number CMUH 827; SING, isotype).
Etymology: Hoya migueldavidii is named after Dr. Miguel David de Leon, viteoretina surgeon and plant and wildlife conservationist.
Distribution and ecology: This new species was only once collected in Mindanao Island, Philippines but the full distribution is still unknown. It is an epiphytic climber, growing at about 1000 m in disturbed primary broad leaf forest in full sun to part shade.
Derek D. Cabactulan, Michele Rodda and Reynold Pimentel. 2017. Hoya of the Philippines part I. Hoya migueldavidii (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae), A New Species from Northern Mindanao, Philippines. PhytoKeys. 80; 105-112. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.80.12872
كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا
شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا
رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا
تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا
ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.
