[Paleontology • 2017] Isaberrysaura mollensis • A New Primitive Neornithischian Dinosaur from the Jurassic of Patagonia with Gut Contents ---ScRaBBlE

 Isaberrysaura mollensis

Salgado, Canudo, Garrido, Moreno-Azanza, Martínez, Coria & Gasca, 2017

  DOI: 10.1038/srep42778 

Abstract

We describe a new species of an ornithischian dinosaur, Isaberrysaura mollensis gen. et sp. nov. The specimen, consisting in an almost complete skull and incomplete postcranium was collected from the marine-deltaic deposits of the Los Molles Formation (Toarcian-Bajocian), being the first reported dinosaur for this unit, one of the oldest from Neuquén Basin, and the first neornithischian dinosaur known from the Jurassic of South America. Despite showing a general stegosaurian appearance, the extensive phylogenetic analysis carried out depicts Isaberrysaura mollensis gen. et sp. nov. as a basal ornithopod, suggesting that both Thyreophora and neornithischians could have achieved significant convergent features. The specimen was preserved articulated and with some of its gut content place in the middle-posterior part of the thoracic cavity. Such stomach content was identified as seeds, most of them belonging to the Cycadales group. This finding reveals a possible and unexpected role of this ornithischian species as seed-dispersal agent.

Figure 2: Isaberrysaura mollensis gen. et sp. nov. holotype.
 Skull in dorsal (a and b, photograph and drawing respectively), and left lateral (c and d, photograph and drawing respectively) views. (e) Premaxillary tooth; (f,g) maxillary teeth (g inverted).

amf, anterior maxillary fossa; aof, antorbital fossa; aso, anterior supraorbital; d, dentary; ef, elliptical fossa; f, foramina; fr, frontal; ift, infratemporal fenestra; j, jugal; mx, maxilla; n, nasals; o, orbit; pd, predentary; pdb, postdentary bones; pmx, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pso: posterior supraorbital; prf, prefrontal; qj, quadratojugal; sq, squamosal; stf, supratemporal fenestra. 1–7 denticles. 

Figure 3 Gut content of Isaberrysaura mollensis gen. et sp. nov.
(a–c), seeds of cycads (c), and other seeds (s); rib (r). (d,e) Detail of seeds of cycads: sarcotesta (sa), sclerotesta (sc), coronula (c), nucellus (n). (f) Location of the gut content in the reconstructed skeleton of Isaberrysaura mollensis gen. et sp. nov.  

Systematic palaeontology

Ornithischia Seeley, 1887

Genasauria Sereno, 1986

Neornithischia Sereno, 1986

Isaberrysaura mollensis gen. et sp. nov.

Etymology: In honour of Isabel Valdivia Berry, who reported the finding of the holotype material.

Holotype: MOZ-Pv 6459. A skeleton comprising a nearly complete skull, and a partial postcranium (still unprepared) consisting of 6 cervical vertebrae, 15 dorsal vertebrae, a sacrum with a partial ilium and an apparently complete pubis, 9 caudal vertebrae, part of a scapula, ribs, and unidentifiable fragments.

Type locality and horizon: The holotype comes from the locality of Los Molles (Neuquén Province, Argentina) (Fig. 1). The specimen was found in the marine-deltaic deposits of the Los Molles Formation (Toarcian-Bajocian), which in this sector reaches a thickness of approximately 1,042 m. The fossil-bearing level is composed of laminated pelites rich in ammonitiferous concretions and vertebrate remains, located some 40 m below the contact with the overlying unit (Lajas Formation, Bajocian-Bathonian). The presence of the ammonite Sonninia altecostata allows the fossil-bearing level to be situated biochronologically in the early Bajocian. In palaeoenvironmental terms, the sedimentary succession comprises a large-scale progradational deltaic system, dominated by wave action and the influence of storms. The dinosaur remains described here, the first reported from this unit, are among the oldest from Neuquén Basin.

  

Leonardo Salgado, José I. Canudo, Alberto C. Garrido, Miguel Moreno-Azanza, Leandro C. A. Martínez, Rodolfo A. Coria and José M. Gasca. 2017. A New Primitive Neornithischian Dinosaur from the Jurassic of Patagonia with Gut Contents. Scientific Reports. 7: 42778. DOI: 10.1038/srep42778

ResearchGate.net/publication/313790491_A_new_primitive_Neornithischian_dinosaur_from_the_Jurassic_of_Patagonia_with_gut_contents

---------------------------------------------------------------

روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Paleontology • 2018] Cretoparacucujus cycadophilus • Beetle Pollination of Cycads in the Mesozoic ---ScRaBBlE

Cretoparacucujus cycadophilus Cai & Escalona

in Cai, Escalona, Li, Yin, Huang & Engel, 2018.

  DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.06.036 

Illustration: Chenyang Cai  

Highlights

• A specialized beetle-mediated pollination mode is reported from Burmese amber

• The mid-Cretaceous boganiid beetle has many pollen-feeding adaptations

• The fossil boganiid was probably a pollinator of Encephalarteae cycads

• This suggests a probable ancient origin of beetle pollination of cycads in the Mesozoic

Summary

Cycads, unlike modern wind-pollinated conifers and Ginkgo, are unusual in that they are an ancient group of gymnosperms pollinated by insects [Taylor et al., 2009; Nagalingum et al., 2011; Terry et al., 2012]. Although it is well documented that cycads were diverse and abundant during the mid-Mesozoic, little is known about their biogeography and pollination before the rise of angiosperms. Direct fossil evidence illuminating the evolutionary history of cycads is extremely rare [Labandeira et al., 2007; Peris et al., 2017]. Here we report a specialized beetle-mediated pollination mode from the mid-Cretaceous of Myanmar, wherein a new boganiid beetle, Cretoparacucujus cycadophilus, with specialized pollen-feeding adaptations in its mouthparts and legs, was associated with many pollen grains of Cycadopites. Phylogenetic analyses indicate Cretoparacucujus as a sister group to the extant Australian Paracucujus, which pollinate the cycad Macrozamia riedlei. Our discovery, along with the current disjunct distribution of related beetle-herbivore (tribe Paracucujini) and cycad-host (tribe Encephalarteae) pairs in South Africa and Australia, indicate a probable ancient origin of beetle pollination of cycads at least in the Early Jurassic, long before angiosperm dominance and the radiation of flowering-plant pollinators later in the Cretaceous.

 Keywords: paleoecology, paleoethology, coevolution, plant-insect interactions, Burmese amber, pollination

Ecological reconstruction of the mid-Cretaceous beetle Cretoparacucujus cycadophilus.

Illustration: Chenyang Cai 

Figure 2. Photomicrographs of Cycad Pollen Grains Associated with Cretoparacucujus cycadophilus
 (A) General view of C. cycadophilus and aggregations of pollen grains by the beetle. (A’) Enlargement of an aggregation of three pollen grains. (A’’) Enlargement of a single grain. (B) Enlargement of three larger aggregations of pollen grains. (C) Enlargement of (B), showing 14 aggregated pollen grains. (D) Enlargement of (B), showing six aggregated pollen grains.

   

Systematic Paleontology

Order Coleoptera Linnaeus, 1758.

Family Boganiidae Sen Gupta and Crowson, 1966.

Subfamily Paracucujinae Endrödy-Younga and Crowson, 1986.

Cretoparacucujus cycadophilus gen. et sp. nov. Cai and Escalona.

Material: Holotype, NIGP166883, female. Mid-Cretaceous amber (ca. 99 million years ago), Tanai, Kachin State, northern Myanmar.

Etymology: The generic name is a combination of creto- and the genus Paracucujus. The specific epithet is a combination of Greek kykas (meaning, cycad) and philia (meaning, friendly love or affection).

Diagnosis: Cretoparacucujus is distinguished from other boganiids by the following combination of characters: upper body surface sub-glabrous; head large, slightly wider than pronotum; antenna filiform, without antennal club; clypeus sub-triangular, apex widely notched medially; frontal carina meeting frontoclypeal sulcus; mandible long, nearly straight; maxillary palpus elongate, with maxillary palpomere 4 much shorter than palpomere 3; protibial apex not expanded; and elytral punctation seriate.

....

 Chenyang Cai, Hermes E. Escalona, Liqin Li, Ziwei Yin, Diying Huang and Michael S. Engel. 2018. Beetle Pollination of Cycads in the Mesozoic. Current Biology. In Press. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.06.036 

99-million-year-old beetle trapped in amber served as pollinator to evergreen cycads  phys.org/news/2018-08-million-year-old-beetle-amber-pollinator-evergreen.html via @physorg_com

---------------------------------------------------------------

روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.