[Paleontology • 2018] Diluvicursor pickeringi • A New Small-bodied Ornithopod (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) from A Deep, High-energy Early Cretaceous River of the Australian–Antarctic Rift System ---ScRaBBlE

Diluvicursor pickeringi

Herne​, Tait, Weisbecker, Hall, Nair, Cleeland & Salisbury, 2018

Artwork by P. Trusler.  DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4113 

Abstract

A new small-bodied ornithopod dinosaur, Diluvicursor pickeringi, gen. et sp. nov., is named from the lower Albian of the Eumeralla Formation in southeastern Australia and helps shed new light on the anatomy and diversity of Gondwanan ornithopods. Comprising an almost complete tail and partial lower right hindlimb, the holotype (NMV P221080) was deposited as a carcass or body-part in a log-filled scour near the base of a deep, high-energy river that incised a faunally rich, substantially forested riverine floodplain within the Australian–Antarctic rift graben. The deposit is termed the ‘Eric the Red West Sandstone.’ The holotype, interpreted as an older juvenile ∼1.2 m in total length, appears to have endured antemortem trauma to the pes. A referred, isolated posterior caudal vertebra (NMV P229456) from the holotype locality, suggests D. pickeringi grew to at least 2.3 m in length. D. pickeringi is characterised by 10 potential autapomorphies, among which dorsoventrally low neural arches and transversely broad caudal ribs on the anterior-most caudal vertebrae are a visually defining combination of features. These features suggest D. pickeringi had robust anterior caudal musculature and strong locomotor abilities. Another isolated anterior caudal vertebra (NMV P228342) from the same deposit, suggests that the fossil assemblage hosts at least two ornithopod taxa. D. pickeringi and two stratigraphically younger, indeterminate Eumeralla Formation ornithopods from Dinosaur Cove, NMV P185992/P185993 and NMV P186047, are closely related. However, the tail of D. pickeringi is far shorter than that of NMV P185992/P185993 and its pes more robust than that of NMV P186047. Preliminary cladistic analysis, utilising three existing datasets, failed to resolve D. pickeringi beyond a large polytomy of Ornithopoda. However, qualitative assessment of shared anatomical features suggest that the Eumeralla Formation ornithopods, South American Anabisetia saldiviai and Gasparinisaura cincosaltensis, Afro-Laurasian dryosaurids and possibly Antarctic Morrosaurus antarcticus share a close phylogenetic progenitor. Future phylogenetic analysis with improved data on Australian ornithopods will help to test these suggested affinities.

Systematic Palaeontology

ORNITHISCHIA Seeley, 1888

CERAPODA Sereno, 1986

ORNITHOPODA Marsh, 1881

Figure 6: Partial postcranium, NMV P221080, assigned to the holotype of Diluvicursor pickeringi gen. et sp. nov., as prepared on five blocks of ETRW Sandstone. (A) Specimen viewed from above, normal to the bedding. (B) Schematic.

Abbreviations: as, astragalus; B #, host block number; Ca #, designated caudal vertebra and position; cal, calcaneum; fib, fibula; ha #, haemal arch/process and position; pd #, pedal digit number; tib, tibia. Image of NMV P221080, courtesy S. Poropat and Museums Victoria.

Figure 7: Diluvicursor pickeringi gen. et sp. nov. holotype (NMV P221080), schematic restoration in left lateral view, showing preserved bones (light shading) and incomplete caudal vertebrae (outlined). 

Abbreviations: as, astragalus; Ca #, designated caudal vertebral position; pd #, pedal digit number; tib, tibia.

Diluvicursor gen. nov.  

Etymology: From the Latin ‘diluvi,’ for deluge or flood, in reference to the deep high-energy palaeo-river within which the type material was deposited and the palaeo-floodplain upon which the river extended, combined with the suffix ‘-cursor,’ from the Latin for runner.

Diagnosis: A turkey- to rhea-sized small-bodied ornithopod, differentiated from all other ornithopods by 10 potential autapomorphies: (1) dorsoventral height of the neural arch on the anterior-most caudal vertebrae (indicated at Ca 3), highly reduced and sub-equal to dorsoventral centrum height; (2) proximodistal length of the spinal process on the anterior caudal vertebrae (Ca 3–6), highly reduced and sub-equal to anteroposterior centrum length; (3) prezygapophysis on the anterior-most caudal vertebrae (up to Ca 5), horizontally oriented and located at the neural arch base, lateral to the neural canal; (4) tuberous process dorsally on the spinoprezygapophyseal lamina (sprl) of the anterior-most caudal vertebrae; (5) dorsoventrally narrowest part of the centrum on the posterior caudal vertebrae, distinctly offset posteriorly and embayed by a sulcus; (6) deep haemal groove present on all posterior caudal vertebrae; (7) triangular intervertebral process anteriorly on the centrum of the posterior-most caudal vertebrae incises a V-shaped notch at the posterior end of the adjoining centrum; (8) caudal ribs on the anterior-most caudal vertebrae (indicated at Ca 3) are transversely broad with the distance across the ribs ∼85% of total vertebral height (inclusive of haemal arch); (9) lateral distal tarsal embayed anteriorly by a sulcus for the calcaneum; and (10) pd IV-1 is strongly asymmetrical in dorsoplantar view (the proximal cotyle flares medially and the lateral edge is straight).

Diluvicursor pickeringi sp. nov.   

2009 Ornithopoda; Rich et al., p. 677.

2014 Ornithopoda; Herne, pp. 246–274.

Derivation of name: To acknowledge the significant contribution of David A. Pickering to Australian palaeontology and in memory of his passing during the production of this work.

Distribution: Lower Cretaceous Australia.

Locality: Eric the Red West, ETRW Sandstone, lower Albian, Eumeralla Formation, Otway Group, southern Victoria.

Figure 36: Artist’s interpretation of the early Albian, volcaniclastic, floodplain palaeoenvironment within the Australian-Antarctic rift graben, in the region of Eric the Red West.
Scene depicting two individuals of Diluvicursor pickeringi on the cutbank of a high-energy meandering river, regional floral components and distant rift margin uplands. Floral components potentially included forest trees of Araucariaceae (Agathis and Araucaria), Podocarpaceae and Cupressaceae and lower story/ground cover plants, including pteridophytes (ferns, including equisetaleans), hepatics, lycopods, cycadophytes, bennettitaleans, seed-bearing fern- or cycad-like taeniopterids and early Australian angiosperms.

 Artwork by P. Trusler.

Conclusion

Diluvicursor pickeringi nov. gen. et sp. is a new small-bodied ornithopod from the lower Albian of the Eumeralla Formation in the Otway Basin. The taxon is known from an almost complete tail and lower partial right limb of the holotype (NMV P221080), as well as an isolated posterior caudal vertebra (NMV P229456), discovered at the fossil locality of Eric the Red West (ETRW). The deposit, termed the ETRW Sandstone, is interpreted to have been a broad (∼600 m), deep (∼25 m), high-energy meandering river. Sediments and fossils from the ETRW Sandstone indicate that D. pickeringi inhabited a faunally rich, substantially forested riverine floodplain within the Australian–Antarctic rift complex. A further isolated caudal vertebra from the deposit (NMV P228342), interpreted as that of an indeterminate ornithischian, suggests the locality may have hosted at least two small-bodied ornithischians. D. pickeringi grew to at least 2.3 m in length and is characterised by 10 potential autapomorphies, among which, the combination of dorsoventrally low neural arches and transversely broad caudal ribs on the anterior-most caudal vertebrae present a visually defining combination of features.

Features of the caudal vertebrae and pes suggest that D. pickeringi and the two stratigraphically younger, indeterminate ornithopods from Dinosaur Cove, NMV P185992/P185993 and NMV P186047, are closely related. However, D. pickeringi differs from NMV P185992/P185993 by having a far shorter tail (50 vertebrae compared to >71) and from NMV P186047 by having a comparatively shorter, more robust, pes. The phylogenetic position of D. pickeringi investigated through searches within three recently published datasets was unresolved beyond placement within a polytomous clade of non-iguanodontian ornithopods. Various features of the caudal vertebrae and pes suggest that the Eumeralla Formation ornithopods Diluvicursor, NMV P185992/P185993 and NMV P186047 may be more closely related to the Argentinean ornithopods Anabisetia and Gasparinisaura, the Antarctic ornithopod Morrosaurus and possibly Afro-Laurasian dryosaurids, than all other ornithopods. A common progenitor of these taxa is suggested. However, these suggested affinities are to be tested more rigorously within a revised cladistic dataset of Gondwanan ornithopods.

The discovery of D. pickeringi in the ETRW Sandstone indicates that future prospecting efforts in the Eumeralla Formation at locations where coarse, gritty sediments crop-out at the base of deep palaeoriver channels, could lead to significant new discoveries (see also Rich et al., 2009b). The articulated postcrania of similarly sized, but anatomically differing small-bodied ornithopods from the Eumeralla Formation provide unique fossil material for future comparative investigations on dinosaur biomechanics, and how differing locomotor abilities could relate to differing palaeoecosystems.

Matthew C. Herne​, Alan M. Tait, Vera Weisbecker, Michael Hall, Jay P. Nair, Michael Cleeland and Steven W. Salisbury. 2018. A New Small-bodied Ornithopod (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) from A Deep, High-energy Early Cretaceous River of the Australian–Antarctic Rift System.  PeerJ. 5:e4113.  DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4113

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

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شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Paleontology • 2017] The Dinosaurian Ichnofauna of the Lower Cretaceous (Valanginian–Barremian) Broome Sandstone of the Walmadany Area (James Price Point), Dampier Peninsula, Western Australia ---ScRaBBlE

hypothetical Walmadanyichnus trackmakers

 @implexidens  DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2016.1269539 

Abstract  

Extensive and well-preserved tracksites in the coastally exposed Lower Cretaceous (Valanginian–Barremian) Broome Sandstone of the Dampier Peninsula provide almost the entire fossil record of dinosaurs from the western half of the Australian continent. Tracks near the town of Broome were described in the late 1960s as Megalosauropus broomensis and attributed to a medium-sized theropod trackmaker. Brief reports in the early 1990s suggested the occurrence of at least another nine types of tracks, referable to theropod, sauropod, ornithopod, and thyreophoran trackmakers, at scattered tracksites spread over more than 80 km of coastline north of Broome, potentially representing one of the world's most diverse dinosaurian ichnofaunas. More recently, it has been proposed that this number could be as high as 16 and that the sites are spread over more than 200 km. However, the only substantial research that has been published on these more recent discoveries is a preliminary study of the sauropod tracks and an account of the ways in which the heavy passage of sauropod trackmakers may have shaped the Dampier Peninsula's Early Cretaceous landscape. With the other types of dinosaurian tracks in the Broome Sandstone remaining undescribed, and the full extent and nature of the Dampier Peninsula's dinosaurian tracksites yet to be adequately addressed, the overall scientific significance of the ichnofauna has remained enigmatic.

 At the request of the area's Goolarabooloo Traditional Custodians, 400+ hours of ichnological survey work was undertaken from 2011 to 2016 on the 25 km stretch of coastline in the Yanijarri–Lurujarri section of the Dampier Peninsula, inclusive of the coastline at Walmadany (James Price Point). Forty-eight discrete dinosaurian tracksites were identified in this area, and thousands of tracks were examined and measured in situ and using three-dimensional photogrammetry. Tracksites were concentrated in three main areas along the coast: Yanijarri in the north, Walmadany in the middle, and Kardilakan–Jajal Buru in the south. Lithofacies analysis revealed 16 repeated facies types that occurred in three distinctive lithofacies associations, indicative of an environmental transgression between the distal fluvial to deltaic portions of a large braid plain, with migrating sand bodies and periodic sheet floods. The main dinosaurian track-bearing horizons seem to have been generated between periodic sheet floods that blanketed the preexisting sand bodies within the braid plain portion of a tidally influenced delta, with much of the original, gently undulating topography now preserved over large expanses of the present day intertidal reef system. Of the tracks examined, 150 could be identified and are assignable to a least eleven and possibly as many as 21 different track types: five different types of theropod tracks, at least six types of sauropod tracks, four types of ornithopod tracks, and six types of thyreophoran tracks. Eleven of these track types can formally be assigned or compared to existing or new ichnotaxa, whereas the remaining ten represent morphotypes that, although distinct, are currently too poorly represented to confidently assign to existing or new ichnotaxa. Among the ichnotaxa that we have recognized, only two (Megalosauropus broomensis and Wintonopus latomorum) belong to existing ichnotaxa, and two compare to existing ichnotaxa but display a suite of morphological features suggesting that they may be distinct in their own right and are therefore placed in open nomenclature. Six of the ichnotaxa that we have identified are new: one theropod ichnotaxon, Yangtzepus clarkei, ichnosp. nov.; one sauropod ichnotaxon, Oobardjidama foulkesi, ichnogen. et ichnosp. nov.; two ornithopod ichnotaxa, Wintonopus middletonae, ichnosp. nov., and Walmadanyichnus hunteri, ichnogen. et ichnosp. nov.; and two thyreophoran ichnotaxa, Garbina roeorum, ichnogen. et ichnosp. nov., and Luluichnus mueckei, ichnogen. et ichnosp. nov. The level of diversity of the main track types is comparable across areas where tracksites are concentrated: Kardilakan–Jajal Buru (12), Walmadany (11), and Yanijarri (10).

 The overall diversity of the dinosaurian ichnofauna of the Broome Sandstone in the Yanijarri–Lurujarri section of the Dampier Peninsula is unparalleled in Australia, and even globally. In addition to being the primary record of non-avian dinosaurs in the western half of Australia, this ichnofauna provides our only detailed glimpse of Australia's dinosaurian fauna during the first half of the Early Cretaceous. It indicates that the general composition of Australia's mid-Cretaceous dinosaurian fauna was already in place by the Valanginian–Barremian. Both sauropods and ornithopods were diverse and abundant, and thyreophorans were the only type of quadrupedal ornithischians. Important aspects of the fauna that are not seen in the Australian mid-Cretaceous body fossil record are the presence of stegosaurians, an overall higher diversity of thyreophorans and theropods, and the presence of large-bodied hadrosauroid-like ornithopods and very large-bodied sauropods. In many respects, these differences suggest a holdover from the Late Jurassic, when the majority of dinosaurian clades had a more cosmopolitan distribution prior to the fragmentation of Pangea. Although the record for the Lower Cretaceous of Gondwana is sparse, a similar mix of taxa occurs in the Barremian–lower Aptian La Amarga Formation of Argentina and the Berriasian–Hauterivian Kirkwood Formation of South Africa. The persistence of this fauna across the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary in South America, Africa, and Australia might be characteristic of Gondwanan dinosaurian faunas more broadly. It suggests that the extinction event that affected Laurasian dinosaurian faunas across the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary may not have been as extreme in Gondwana, and this difference may have foreshadowed the onset of Laurasian-Eurogondwanan provincialism. The disappearance of stegosaurians and the apparent drop in diversity of theropods by the mid-Cretaceous suggests that, similar to South America, Australia passed through a period of faunal turnover between the Valanginian and Aptian.

Steven W. Salisbury, Anthony Romilio, Matthew C. Herne, Ryan T. Tucker and Jay P. Nair. 2017. The Dinosaurian Ichnofauna of the Lower Cretaceous (Valanginian–Barremian) Broome Sandstone of the Walmadany Area (James Price Point), Dampier Peninsula, Western Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 36(6, Supplement).   DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2016.1269539

ResearchGate.net/publication/315656137_The_Dinosaurian_Ichnofauna_of_the_Lower_Cretaceous_Broome_Sandstone_of_the_Walmadany_Area_Dampier_Peninsula_Western_Australia

World's biggest dinosaur footprint discovered in 'Australia's own Jurassic Park' http://www.smh.com.au/technology/sci-tech/worlds-biggest-dinosaur-footprint-discovered-in-australias-own-jurassic-park-20170327-gv7s0n.html via @smh

'Australia's Jurassic Park' the world's most diverse http://tinyurl.com/k5pz4y6 via @uq_news

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

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شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Paleontology • 2017] Matheronodon provincialis • Extreme Tooth Enlargement in A New Late Cretaceous Rhabdodontid Dinosaur from Southern France ---ScRaBBlE

  Matheronodon provincialis 

Godefroit, Garcia, Gomez, Stein, Cincotta,  Lefèvre & Valentin, 2017

reconstruction: L. Panzarin

 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13160-2 

Abstract
Rhabdodontidae is a successful clade of ornithopod dinosaurs, characteristic of Late Cretaceous continental faunas in Europe. A new rhabdodontid from the late Campanian, of southern France, Matheronodon provincialis gen. et sp. nov., is characterized by the extreme enlargement of both its maxillary and dentary teeth, correlated to a drastic reduction in the number of maxillary teeth (4 per generation in MMS/VBN-02-102). The interalveolar septa on the maxilla are alternately present or resorbed ventrally so as to be able to lodge such enlarged teeth. The rhabdodontid dentition and masticatory apparatus were adapted for producing a strict and powerful shearing action, resembling a pair of scissors. With their relatively simple dentition, contrasting with the sophisticated dental batteries in contemporary hadrosaurids, Matheronodon and other rhabdodontids are tentatively interpreted as specialized consumers of tough plant parts rich in sclerenchyma fibers, such as Sabalites and Pandanites.

Figure 1 Right maxilla of Matheronodon provincialis gen. et sp. nov. (MMS/VBN-02–102; holotype) in dorsal (a), lateral (b), medial (c), and ventral (d) views. (e) Close-up of the second and third maxillary crowns.

Figure 2 Reconstruction of the maxillary dentition of  Matheronodon provincialis gen. et sp. nov. in lateral view from CT scans of MMS/VBN-02-102.

Ornithischia Seeley, 1887

Ornithopoda Marsh, 1881

Iguanodontia Sereno, 1986

Rhabdodontidae Weishampel, Jianu, Csiki, and Norman, 2003

Matheronodon provincialis gen. et sp. nov.

Etymology. Matheron: in honor of Philippe Matheron, who was the first to describe dinosaur remains in Provence; odous (Greek): tooth; provincialis (Latin): from Provence (southern France).

Holotype. MMS/VBN-02-102, a right maxilla; housed in the collections of the Musée du Moulin seigneurial (MMS, Velaux, France).

Horizon and locality. ‘Begudian’ (local stage) sandstones, late Campanian, Late Cretaceous6,8. Velaux-La Bastide Neuve, Aix-en-Provence Basin, Bouches-du-Rhône, southern France.

Diagnosis. Rhabdodontid ornithopod characterized by the following autapomorphies: enlargement of both maxillary and dentary teeth (up to 5 cm in mesio-distal length); reduction of maxillary tooth families (4 per generation in MMS/VBN-02-102); interalveolar septa on the maxilla alternately present or resorbed ventrally, so that one functional tooth is lodged in two paired alveoli; shortened rostral process on the maxilla; broad dorsal shelf along the rostral third of the maxilla; more than 25 vertical and parallel ridges on the labial side of the maxillary teeth.

Figure 3 Isolated teeth of  Matheronodon provincialis gen. et sp. nov.  Left maxillary tooth (MMS/VBN- 09–149a) in labial (a) and lingual (b) views. Right maxillary crown (MMS/VBN-12-22) in labial (c) and lingual (d) views? Right dentary tooth (MMS/VBN-02-11) in lingual (e) and labial (f) views? Left dentary tooth (MMS/VBN-12-A002) in lingual view (g). Scale bars = 2 cm.

Pascal Godefroit, Géraldine Garcia, Bernard Gomez, Koen Stein, Aude Cincotta, Ulysse Lefèvre and Xavier Valentin. 2017. Extreme Tooth Enlargement in A New Late Cretaceous Rhabdodontid Dinosaur from Southern France. Scientific Reports. 7, Article number: 13098.  DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13160-2

 naturalsciences.be/en/news/item/9102 

    

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Paleontology • 2017] Burianosaurus augustai • A Basal Ornithopod Dinosaur from the Cenomanian of the Czech Republic ---ScRaBBlE

 Burianosaurus augustai 

 Madzia, Boyd & Mazuch, 2017

 DOI:  10.1080/14772019.2017.1371258 

Abstract
During their long evolutionary history, neornithischian dinosaurs diverged into several clades with distinctive adaptations. However, the early evolution within Neornithischia and the resolution of the phylogenetic relationships of taxa situated near the base of the clade remain problematic. This is especially true for those taxa traditionally placed at the base of Ornithopoda, either as ‘hypsilophodontids’ or at the base of the diverse clade Iguanodontia. Recent studies are improving our understanding of the anatomy and relationships of these taxa, with discoveries of several new non-ankylopollexian ornithopods from South America and Europe providing key insights into early ornithopod evolution and palaeobiogeography. Here, we describe a new basal ornithopod, Burianosaurus augustai gen. et sp. nov., based on a well-preserved femur from the upper Cenomanian strata (Korycany Beds of the Peruc-Korycany Formation) of the Czech Republic. The new taxon is diagnosed by a unique suite of characters and represents the only occurrence of a Cenomanian non-avian dinosaur in Central Europe north of the Alpine Tethyan areas. Histological examination of the type specimen reveals the presence of a loosely packed Haversian system which suggests relatively mature bone from a possible young adult. Phylogenetic analyses of two different data sets, selected to test the placement of B. augustai in various parts of the neornithischian tree, reconstruct B. augustai as a basal ornithopod, firmly nested outside Ankylopollexia. These results also support a diverse Elasmaria as a basal clade within Ornithopoda and reconstruct Hypsilophodon outside Ornithopoda as the sister taxon to Cerapoda. However, the relationships of ‘hypsilophodontids’ within Neornithischia remain contentious.

Keywords: Ornithopoda, Dinosauria, phylogeny, Cenomanian, Czech Republic

[2017] Figure 1. The holotype left femur (NMP Ob 203) of Burianosaurus augustai gen. et sp. nov.

[2005] Fig. 3. Left femur of cf. Iguanodontidae gen. et sp. indet. (Ornithischia, Ornithopoda), IGP MZHLZ/2003/1, in posterior (A), lateral (B), medial (C), ante− rior (D), and distal (F) views, with transverse cross−section through the femoral shaft (E).

(Fejfar, Košťák, Kvacek, et al. 2005) app.pan.pl/article/item/app50-295.html

Systematic palaeontology

Dinosauria Owen, 1842
Ornithischia Seeley, 1887
Neornithischia Cooper, 1985
Ornithopoda Marsh, 1881
Genus Burianosaurus gen. nov.

2005 cf. Iguanodontidae gen. et sp. indet.
Fejfar, Košťák, Kvacek, Mazuch, & Moucka: 297, fig. 3.

Age. Late Cenomanian, early Late Cretaceous.

Derivation of name. The name Burianosaurus is derived from the surname of the Czech palaeoartist Zdenek Burian (1905–1981) who greatly influenced the perception of dinosaurs during most of the twentieth century, and saῦro & (sauros), the Greek word for ‘reptile’ or ‘lizard’.

 Burianosaurus augustai sp. nov.

Holotype. NMP Ob 203, a well-preserved, nearly complete left femur.

Derivation of name. The name augustai refers to the prominent Czech palaeontologist and prolific science populariser Josef Augusta (1903–1968).

 Burianosaurus augustai sp. nov.

 Illustration: Edyta Felcyn. 

Conclusions

Only two definitive non-avian dinosaur specimens have been described from the Czech Republic to date: NMP Ob 203, a well-preserved left femur from the upper Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous), introduced by Fejfar et al. (2005) under temporary catalogue number IGP MZHLZ/ 2003/1, and IGS-MJ-0001 (currently DGSMU Pa 222), an isolated tetanurine tooth crown from the Oxfordian (Upper Jurassic) published by Madzia (2014).

A re-evaluation of the phylogenetic relationships of NMP Ob 203 demonstrates that this specimen actually represents a non-ankylopollexian ornithopod, here named Burianosaurus augustai gen. et sp. nov. Analysis of a modified version of the Boyd (2015) basal neornithischian data set reconstructs B. augustai as a basal member of Ornithopoda, positioned more rootward than the rhabdodontomorphs but more derived than the Gondwanan elasmarians. The new taxon can be distinguished from all other ornithopods by a unique suite of morphological characters present in the femur. From a palaeobiogeographical perspective, B. augustai represents the only occurrence of a non-avian dinosaur from the Cenomanian of Central Europe north of the Alpine Tethyan areas (Fejfar et al. 2005; Csiki-Sava et al. 2015). This discovery adds to the growing body of work demonstrating the importance of the European fossil record for studying the evolution of non-ankylopollexian ornithopods (e.g. Ősi et al. 2012; Ruiz-Omeñaca et al. 2012).


Daniel Madzia, Clint A. Boyd and Martin Mazuch. 2017. A Basal Ornithopod Dinosaur from the Cenomanian of the Czech Republic. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. DOI:  10.1080/14772019.2017.1371258

Reconstruction of the possible form of the first "Czech" dinosaur, which was named Burianosaurus augustai. Only the femur is preserved from the specimen, so based on data on related species.... Illustration: Edyta Felcyn,

První český dinosaurus se změnil: byl primitivnější a nebyl zakrslý  technet.idnes.cz/cesko-kosti-dinosaurus-burianosaurus-augustai-f57-/veda.aspx via @iDNEScz

We describe the first dinosaur skeletal remains found in the Czech Republic, consisting of one complete femur and indeterminable bone fragments. They were recovered from the upper Cenomanian near-shore marine sediments deposited on the slopes of an ancient archipelago, several kilometres north of the larger Rhenish-Bohemian Island that was situated in what is now the middle of Europe. Sediments yielding dinosaur remains are of late Cenomanian age, Inoceramus pictus-I. pictus bohemicus inoceramid zone of the local lithostratigraphic unit, the Peruc-Korycany Formation. These are the first uncontested dinosaurian fossils reported from this formation and also the first Cenomanian dinosaur record in Central Europe. They document a small ornithopod belonging to an iguanodontid species comparable with similar Late Cretaceous European forms. The herbivorous dinosaur lived among a vegetation transitional between salt marsh flora, with abundant halophytic conifer Frenelopsis alata; and an alluvial plain assemblage dominated by lauroid angiosperms.
Key words: Dinosauria, Iguanodontidae, palaeoenvironment, vegetation, Cenomanian, Bohemian Cretaceous Basin, Czech Republic, Europe.

Oldřich Fejfar, Martin Košťák, Jiří Kvaček, Martin Mazuch, and Michal Moučka. 2005. First Cenomanian dinosaur from Central Europe (Czech Republic). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 50(2); 295-300.  app.pan.pl/article/item/app50-295.html

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

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شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

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شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Paleontology • 2019] Galleonosaurus dorisae • New Small-bodied Ornithopods (Dinosauria, Neornithischia) from the Early Cretaceous Wonthaggi Formation (Strzelecki Group) of the Australian-Antarctic Rift System, with Revision of Qantassaurus intrepidus ---ScRaBBlE

Galleonosaurus dorisae 

Herne, Nair, Evans & Tait, 2019

 DOI: 10.1017/jpa.2018.95 

Abstract

The Flat Rocks locality in the Wonthaggi Formation (Strzelecki Group) of the Gippsland Basin, southeastern Australia, hosts fossils of a late Barremian vertebrate fauna that inhabited the ancient rift between Australia and Antarctica. Known from its dentary, Qantassaurus intrepidus Rich and Vickers-Rich, 1999 has been the only dinosaur named from this locality. However, the plethora of vertebrate fossils collected from Flat Rocks suggests that further dinosaurs await discovery. From this locality, we name a new small-bodied ornithopod, Galleonosaurus dorisae n. gen. n. sp. from craniodental remains. Five ornithopodan genera are now named from Victoria. Galleonosaurus dorisae n. gen. n. sp. is known from five maxillae, from which the first description of jaw growth in an Australian dinosaur is provided. The holotype of Galleonosaurus dorisae n. gen. n. sp. is the most complete dinosaur maxilla known from Victoria. Micro-CT imagery of the holotype reveals the complex internal anatomy of the neurovascular tract and antorbital fossa. We confirm that Q. intrepidus is uniquely characterized by a deep foreshortened dentary. Two dentaries originally referred to Q. intrepidus are reassigned to Q. ?intrepidus and a further maxilla is referred to cf. Atlascopcosaurus loadsi Rich and Rich, 1989. A further ornithopod dentary morphotype is identified, more elongate than those of Q. intrepidus and Q. ?intrepidus and with three more tooth positions. This dentary might pertain to Galleonosaurus dorisae n. gen. n. sp. Phylogenetic analysis recovered Cretaceous Victorian and Argentinian nonstyracosternan ornithopods within the exclusively Gondwanan clade Elasmaria. However, the large-bodied taxon Muttaburrasaurus langdoni Bartholomai and Molnar, 1981 is hypothesised as a basal iguanodontian with closer affinities to dryomorphans than to rhabdodontids.

Figure 4. Specimens of Galleonosaurus dorisae n. gen. n. sp. from the Flat Rocks Sandstone in the upper Barremian, Wonthaggi Formation, Gippsland Basin, southeastern Australia:
(1–2) holotype (NMV P229196), left maxilla in lateral (1) and medial (2) views; (3) NMV P208178, left maxilla in lateral view; (4) NMV P212845, left maxilla in lateral view; (5) NMV P209977, left maxilla in lateral view; (6) NMV P186440, left maxilla in lateral view; (7) NMV 208113, right maxillary tooth in labial view.

Scale bars = 10 mm (1–6); 1 mm (7).

 DOI: 10.1017/jpa.2018.95 

Systematic paleontology

Dinosauria Owen, 1842

Ornithischia Seeley, 1888

Neornithischia Cooper, 1985

Cerapoda Sereno, 1986

Ornithopoda Marsh, 1881

Genus Galleonosaurus new genus

Type species: Galleonosaurus dorisae n. gen. n. sp., by monotypy.

Etymology: From galleon (Latinization of the English for a type of large sailing ship) + saurus (New Latin from the Greek sauros for lizard), in reference to the appearance of the maxilla to the upturned hull of a galleon.

Occurrence: Flat Rocks locality in the Inverloch region of Victoria, southeastern Australia (Fig. 1); Flat Rocks Sandstone and The Caves Sandstone, upper Barremian of the Wonthaggi Formation in the Gippsland Basin.

Remarks: Prior to the recognition of Galleonosaurus n. gen., Atlascopcosaurus loadsi and Leaellynasaura amicagraphica were the only Victorian ornithopods identified from maxillary remains (Rich and Rich, 1989). The maxillae of Atlascopcosaurus loadsi are highly incomplete and the only known maxilla of L. amicagraphica (that of the holotype, NMV P185991) is damaged, and due to its diminutive size, difficult to study. The maxillae of Galleonosaurus n. gen., as well as the complete palatine and fragment of the lacrimal, now provide new information from which the anatomy of the other Victorian ornithopods can be better understood. The holotype of Galleonosaurus dorisae n. gen. n. sp. (NMV P229196) represents the most complete maxilla of a dinosaur currently known from Victoria.

Diagnosis: Small-bodied, noniguanodontian ornithopod characterized by five potential autapomorphies: (1) ascending ramus of maxilla has two slot-like foramina on the anterior margin that communicate with the neurovascular tract; (2) neurovascular tract bifurcates internally to exit at two anteroventral maxillary foramina; (3) lingual margin of maxillary tooth roots in midregion of tooth row form an S-bend at their bases; (4) posterior third of maxilla on some, but not all, specimens deflects posterolaterally at an abrupt kink; and (5) lateral end of palatine lateral ramus forms a hatchet-shaped flange.

Occurrence: Flat Rocks locality in the Inverloch region of Victoria, southeastern Australia (Fig. 1); Flat Rocks Sandstone and The Caves Sandstone, upper Barremian of the Wonthaggi Formation in the Gippsland Basin.

Etymology: dorisae, in recognition of Doris Seegets-Villiers for her geological, palynological, and taphonomic work on the Flat Rocks fossil vertebrate locality.

Figure 1. Maps of Australia, southern Victoria and Gondwana: (1) present-day eastern Australia indicating region of interest; (2) inset from (1) showing upper Barremian–lower Albian ornithopod localities and associated geology; (3) reconstruction of Gondwana during the late Barremian (~ 125 Ma) using GPlates (www.gplates.org). Dashed lines in (2) indicate basin boundaries. Geological information in (2) based on Bryan et al. (1997, 2000). V-shaped symbols in (3) indicate direction and position of plate subduction, based on Wandres and Bradshaw (2005). Australian paleoshoreline in (3) based on Heine et al. (2015). Dashed arrows in (2–3) indicate paleoflow direction. AAR = Australian-Antarctic rift; AF = Africa; AN = Antarctica; AU = Australia; I = India; EF = Eumeralla Formation; ES = epeiric Eromanga Sea (in region of Eromanga Basin); ETRW = Eric the Red West; M = Madagascar; NC = New Caledonia; NZ = New Zealand; SA = South America; VHFT2 = Victorian Hypsilophodontid Femur Type 2; VOPC1 = Victorian ornithopod postcranium 1 (NMV P185992/P185993); VOPC2 = Victorian ornithopod postcranium 2 (NMV P186047); W = Whitsunday Large Siliceous Igneous Province (Bryan et al., 1997); WF = Wonthaggi Formation.

Figure 27. Australian ornithopod occurrences: ETRW = Eric the Red West; VHFT2 = Victorian Hypsilophodontid Femur Type 2; VOD2 = Victorian ornithopod dentary morphotype 2; VOD3 = Victorian ornithopod dentary morphotype 3; VOM4 = Victorian ornithopod maxilla morphotype 4; VOPC1 = Victorian ornithopod postcranium 1 (NMV P185992/P185993); VOPC2 = Victorian ornithopod postcranium 2 (NMV P186047). See Table 5 for associated information on ornithopod occurrences.

Figure 28. Time-calibrated phylogeny of the ornithopods from the IW strict consensus cladogram (Fig. 25.2). Dashed lines indicate unknown times of Pangaean branch/lineage divergences prior to the middle Callovian. Time scale based on Cohen et al. (2013). Thick lines indicate taxon (graduated shaded lines) and clade (solid lines) durations (for sources, see Text S1). Aal = Aalenian; AF = Africa; Alb = Albian; AN = Antarctica; Apt = Aptian; AU = Australia; Baj = Bajocian; Bar = Barremian; Bat = Bathonian; Ber = Berriasian; Cal = Callovian; Cam = Campanian; Cen = Cenomanian; Con = Coniacian; Hau = Hauterivian; Kim = Kimmeridgian; LA = Laurasia; Maa = Maastrichtian; NZ = New Zealand; Oxf = Oxfordian; SA = South America; San = Santonian; Tit = Tithonian; Tur = Turonian; Val = Valanginian.

Conclusions: 

The identification of the new ornithopod, Galleonosaurus dorisae n. gen. n. sp., and three further jaw morphotypes (VOM4, VOD2, and VOD3) from the Flat Rocks locality in the upper Barremian Wonthaggi Formation complements the four previously named ornithopods from Victoria—Atlascopcosaurus loadsi, Diluvicursor pickeringi, Leaellynasaura amicagraphica, and Qantassaurus intrepidus. Although synonymy between some of these taxa is possible, Galleonosaurus dorisae n. gen. n. sp. and the newly identified craniodental morphotypes confirm that a highly diverse small-bodied ornithopod fauna flourished in the periodically disturbed, high-latitude, riverine floodplain environment of the Australian-Antarctic rift valley (see also Rich and Rich, 1989; Rich and Vickers-Rich, 1999, 2000; Rich et al., 2002; Herne et al., 2016, 2018).

The new dentary morphotype from the Flat Rocks Sandstone (VOD3) confirms the presence of an ornithopod with a more elongate dentary than that of Qantassaurus intrepidus, from the same locality, and with more alveoli in specimens of similar size (15 alveoli compared to 10). We speculate that VOD3 is a more likely candidate for the presently unknown dentary of Galleonosaurus dorisae n. gen. n. sp. than the dentary of Q. intrepidus, although this suggestion cannot be presently confirmed. The similarity between the dentary teeth of VOD3 and an isolated dentary tooth (QM F52774) discovered in the Winton Formation, central-western Queensland (Hocknull and Cook, 2008) suggests that the spatiotemporal range of potentially closely related ornithopods in eastern Australia extended from at least the upper Barremian of the Australian-Antarctic rift system to the lower Turonian of the Eromanga Basin (Figs. 1.3, 27).

The phylogenetic analysis (Figs. 25.2, 26) recovered the Victorian ornithopods Diluvicursor pickeringi, Leaellynasaura amicagraphica, and Galleonosaurus dorisae n. gen. n. sp. within Elasmaria (Calvo et al., 2007). In addition to the Victorian taxa, Elasmaria also comprises the Argentinian taxa Anabisetia saldiviai, Gasparinisaura cincosaltensis, Macrogryphosaurus gondwanicus, and Talenkauen santacrucensis. Increased anatomical understanding of the ornithopods recovered within Elasmaria, and particularly the Victorian ornithopods, will undoubtedly impel renewed phylogenetic assessment. The large-bodied Australian genus Muttaburrasaurus, however, is a nonelasmarian and was recovered within Iguanodontia. The time-calibrated phylogeny derived from the IW strict consensus tree (Fig. 28) suggests that Elasmaria and the stem of Muttaburrasaurus langdoni had their origins in Pangaea prior to the opening of seaways between Gondwana and Laurasia in the middle Callovian.

Matthew C. Herne, Jay P. Nair, Alistair R. Evans and Alan M. Tait. 2019. New Small-bodied Ornithopods (Dinosauria, Neornithischia) from the Early Cretaceous Wonthaggi Formation (Strzelecki Group) of the Australian-Antarctic Rift System, with Revision of Qantassaurus intrepidus Rich and Vickers-Rich, 1999. Journal of Paleontology. First View. DOI: 10.1017/jpa.2018.95

New wallaby-sized dinosaur from the ancient Australian-Antarctic rift valley https://phys.org/news/2019-03-wallaby-sized-dinosaur-ancient-australian-antarctic-rift.html via @physorg_com

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

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شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.