A new species of indotyphlid caecilian amphibian, Hypogeophis pti sp. nov., is described based on a series of specimens from the Seychelles island of Praslin. The type series was collected in 2013 and 2014, and a referred specimen previously identified as H. brevis Boulenger, 1911 was collected from an unspecified Seychelles locality in 1957. The new species most closely resembles the Seychelles endemic Hypogeophis brevis in being short (maximum known total length in life ca. 120 mm) and long snouted, but differs by having a less anteriorly positioned tentacular aperture and fewer primary annuli and vertebrae. In having only 67–69 vertebrae, H. pti sp. nov. is the most abbreviated extant species of caecilian reported to date.
Keywords: Amphibia, herpetology, Indian Ocean, taxonomy, Vallée de Mai
FIGURE 5.Hypogeophis brevis, specimens in life collected in 2014 on Mahé from two localities: (a) Casse Dents, specimen BMNH 2005.1984, 1985 or 1986, (b) Brûlée, BMNH 2005.1793. FIGURE 11. Hypogeophis pti sp. nov., paratype specimens in life collected from Fond Peper, Praslin, 2014. (a) BMNH 2005.1830 or 1832; (b) BMNH 2005.1833.
Hypogeophis pti sp. nov.
Etymology. The specific epithet is in reference to the very small size of the species, one of the smallest of known caecilians. ‘Pti’ is a typical spelling in Seychellois Creole of the French petit/petite (small, in English). For nomenclatural purposes the specific epithet is considered to be a noun in apposition.
Suggested ‘common’ name. Petite Praslin caecilian.
Simon T. Maddock, Mark Wilkinson, Ronald A. Nussbaum and David J. Gower. 2017. A New Species of Small and Highly Abbreviated Caecilian (Gymnophiona: Indotyphlidae) from the Seychelles Island of Praslin, and A Recharacterization of Hypogeophis brevis Boulenger, 1911. Zootaxa. 4329(4); 301–326. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4329.4.1
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شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا
رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا
تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا
ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.
Cryptic diversity corresponding with island of origin has been previously reported in the endemic, geographically restricted sooglossid frogs of the Seychelles archipelago. The evolutionary pattern behind this has not been fully explored, and given current amphibian declines and the increased extinction risk faced by island species, we sought to identify evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) to address conservation concerns for these highly threatened anurans. We obtained genetic data for two mitochondrial (mtDNA) and four nuclear (nuDNA) genes from all known populations of sooglossid frog (on the islands of Mahé, Praslin and Silhouette) for phylogenetic analyses and to construct nuDNA haplotype networks. Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses of mtDNA support the monophyly and molecular differentiation of populations in all species that occur on multiple islands. Haplotype networks using statistical parsimony revealed multiple high-frequency haplotypes shared between islands and taxa, in addition to numerous geographically distinct (island-specific) haplotypes for each species. We consider each island-specific population of sooglossid frog as an ESU and advise conservation managers to do likewise. Furthermore, our results identify each island lineage as a candidate species, evidence for which is supported by analyses of mtDNA based on Bayesian Poisson tree processes, and independent analyses of mtDNA and nuDNA using the multispecies coalescent. Our findings add to the growing understanding of the biogeography and hidden diversity within this globally important region.
Keywords: candidate species, cryptic diversity, evolutionarily significant unit, Indian Ocean, insular amphibians, islands, Sechellophryne, Seychelles, Sooglossidae, Sooglossus
Jim Labisko, Richard A. Griffiths, Lindsay Chong-Seng, Nancy Bunbury, Simon T. Maddock, Kay S. Bradfield, Michelle L. Taylor and Jim J Groombridge. 2019. Endemic, Endangered and Evolutionarily Significant: Cryptic Lineages in Seychelles' Frogs (Anura: Sooglossidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. bly183DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/bly183
كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا
شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا
رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا
تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا
ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.
A new species of indotyphlid caecilian amphibian, Hypogeophis montanus sp. nov., is described based on a series of specimens from the Seychelles island of Mahé, collected from two localities in 2013 and 2015. The new species most closely resembles the Seychelles (Mahé) endemic H. brevis in being short (maximum known total length in life ca. 110 mm) and long snouted, but differs by having more vertebrae, a relatively smaller head, and substantially distinct mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences. Hypogeophis montanus sp. nov. is known from higher elevations (718–731 m) than H. brevis (ca. 350–650 m), and its elevationally restricted distribution on a single small island likely renders it threatened under IUCN Red List criteria. Hypogeophis montanus sp. nov. is the third species of small and long-snouted caecilian reported from the Seychelles. Along with H. brevis and H. pti, H. montanus sp. nov. is among the smallest known species of caecilian and possibly has the smallest global distribution.
FIGURE 4. Hypogeophis montanus sp. nov. holotype (BMNH 2005.1824) in life.
Hypogeophis montanus sp. nov.
Etymology. The specific epithet is in reference to the restricted, high elevation distribution of the species, known only from above 700 m, on the highest mountains in the Seychelles. For nomenclatural purposes the specific epithet is considered to be a noun in apposition.
كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا
شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا
رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا
تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا
ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.
A new species of freshwater chasmocarcinid crab,Australocarcinus insperatus sp. n., is described from the Seychelles Islands in the Indian Ocean. This is the first record of the genus and the subfamily Trogloplacinae Guinot, 1986, from the Indian Ocean, with all other members previously recorded from Australia, New Britain, New Caledonia, and Palau in the Pacific Ocean. The disjunct distribution of Australocarcinus is unexpected considering all trogoplacines are believed to practice direct development, lacking free-swimming larval stages. The new species is morphologically most similar to A. riparius Davie, 1988, from Queensland, Australia, but can be distinguished from its three congeners on the basis of the structures of its carapace, ambulatory legs and male first gonopod.
Keywords: Chasmocarcinidae, freshwater, Indian Ocean, new species, Trogloplacinae, taxonomy
Figure 1. Australocarcinus insperatus sp. n., holotype male (10.7 × 8.6 mm) (ZRC 2017.1072), Seychelles. A overall dorsal habitus B dorsal view of carapace (right side denuded) C right third maxilliped (denuded) D anterior thoracic sternum and pleon E posterior thoracic sternum and pleon F frontal view of cephalothorax G posterior margin of epistome.
Australocarcinus insperatus sp. n., holotype male (10.7 × 8.6 mm) (ZRC 2017.1072), Seychelles. Figure 1. A overall dorsal habitus B dorsal view of carapace (right side denuded) C right third maxilliped (denuded) D anterior thoracic sternum and pleon E posterior thoracic sternum and pleon F frontal view of cephalothorax G posterior margin of epistome.
Figure 2. A outer surfaces of chelae B right first ambulatory leg showing setose posterior margin on propodus and dactylus C left fourth ambulatory leg D posterior thoracic sternum showing supplementary plate
Figure 2. Australocarcinus insperatus sp. n. A–D holotype male (10.7 × 8.6 mm) (ZRC 2017.1072), Seychelles E–G paratype female (9.5 × 7.8 mm) (ZRC 2017.1073), Seychelles. A outer surfaces of chelae B right first ambulatory leg showing setose posterior margin on propodus and dactylus C left fourth ambulatory leg D posterior thoracic sternum showing supplementary plate E female overall dorsal habitus F female posterior thoracic sternum and pleon G female sterno-pleonal cavity showing vulvae.
Systematics
Family Chasmocarcinidae Serène, 1964
Subfamily Trogloplacinae Guinot, 1986
Genus Australocarcinus Davie, 1988
Type species: Australocarcinus riparius Davie, 1988, by original designation.
Australocarcinus insperatus sp. n.
Material examined: Holotype: male (10.7 × 8.6 mm) (ZRC 2017.1072), in shallow stream, ca. 800 m from sea, about 2 km south-southeast of international airport, Mahé, Seychelles, coll. SR Daniels, May 2010. Paratypes: 1 male (8.5 × 7.2 mm), 1 female (9.5 × 7.8 mm) (ZRC 2017.1073), same data as holotype.
Diagnosis: Carapace subquadrate, front weakly bilobed, with shallow median concavity (Fig. 1A, B); dorsal surface gently convex (Fig. 1F); dorsal surfaces and margins covered with short uneven tomentum (Fig. 1A, B); anterolateral margins arcuate, with four low teeth: first widest with gently sinuous margin, second lobiform, third wide, fourth (at junction of antero- and posterolateral margins) dentate, directed laterally, protruding beyond margin (Fig. 1B). Posterolateral margin converging towards gently convex posterior carapace margin (Fig. 1B). Epistome compressed, posterior margin with distinct triangular median lobe with median fissure, lateral margins gently sinuous (Fig. 1G). Eye peduncle completely filling orbit, relatively short, mobile; cornea distinct, pigmented (Fig. 1B, F). Third maxillipeds leaving gap when closed; merus quadrate, anteroexternal angle auriculiform; ischium quadrate, slightly longer than merus with very shallow median sulcus (Fig. 1C, D). Chelipeds subequal, relatively stouter in males (Figs 1A, 2E); cutting margins of both chelae with distinct teeth in both sexes, base of fingers with tuft of stiff setae; proximal part of dactylus of right chela with large, triangular tooth directed towards palm (Fig. 2A); ventral surface of cheliped merus with tubercles. Ambulatory legs moderately short; meri unarmed but setose to varying degrees; P2 carpus, propodus and dactylus with very long coarse setae which obscures margins (Figs 1A, 2B); P3–P5 propodus and dactylus setose but setae shorter than on P5 (Fig. 2C); P5 dactylus straight (Fig. 2C). Thoracic sternites 1, 2 fused, broadly triangular, short; separated from sternite 3 by sinuous groove; sternites 3, 4 fused, relatively broad (Fig. 1D). Male pleon with lateral margins of somite 6 and fused somites 3‒5 gently sinuous; telson slightly longer than broad (Fig. 1D, E). Sterno-pleonal cavity of male deep, press-button for pleonal holding small, short tubercle posterior to thoracic sternal suture 4/5 near edge of sterno-pleonal cavity. Male thoracic sternite 8 short, rectangular; supplementary plate narrow, wider along outer part (Figs 1E, 2D). G1 stout; basal part truncate; distal part cylindrical, with rounded tip, covered with short spinules (Fig. 3A–D). G2 prominently longer than G1, basal segment curved; distal segment slightly longer than basal segment, apex cup-like (Fig. 3E, F). Somites of female pleon with slightly convex lateral margins; telson wider than long (Fig. 2F). Sterno-pleonal cavity of female moderately deep, with large vulvae distinctly separated from each other, covering most of thoracic sternite 5, ovate, with low raised lip on outer margin, opening slit-like (Fig. 2G).
Etymology: From the Latin “insperatus” for “unforeseen”, alluding to the unexpected discovery of a species of Australocarcinus in the western Indian Ocean.
Peter K. L. Ng and Savel R. Daniels. 2018. A New Species of Trogloplacine Crab of the Genus Australocarcinus Davie, 1988 from A Freshwater Stream in Mahé, Seychelles (Crustacea, Brachyura, Chasmocarcinidae). ZooKeys. 738; 27-35. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.738.23708
كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا
شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا
رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا
تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا
ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.
