[Botany • 2018] The Taxonomic Identity of Three Varieties of Lecanorchis nigricans (Vanilleae, Vanilloideae, Orchidaceae) in Japan ---ScRaBBlE

 Lecanorchis nigricans var. nigricans 
 Lecanorchis nigricans var. patipetala
  Lecanorchis nigricans var. yakusimensis

emend. Suetsugu & Fukunaga

in Suetsugu, Shimaoka, Fukunaga & Sawa, 2018.

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.92.21657 

Abstract

To elucidate the taxonomy of the Lecanorchis nigricans Honda, 1931 species complex, the present study investigated the detailed morphology of three L. nigricans varieties in Japan. While L. nigricans var. patipetala Y.Sawa, 1980 and L. nigricans var. yakusimensis T.Hashim., 1990 have often been treated as synonyms of L. nigricans var. nigricans, the present study demonstrates that the three varieties are morphologically distinct. More specifically, L. nigricans var. nigricans only produces complete cleistogamous flowers and is distinct from the plants currently called “L. nigricans”, which are identical to the chasmogamous variety L. nigricans var. patipetala. The other chasmogamous variety L. nigricans var. yakusimensis can be easily distinguished from L. nigricans var. patipetala by its more spatulate tepals and higher cucullate lip. Therefore, the present study provides emended description of the three L. nigricans varieties based on type specimens and specimens collected from type localities. In addition, the isotype specimen of L. nigricans var. patipetala is designated as the lectotype because the holotype has been lost.

Keywords: Japan, Lecanorchis nigricans var. yakusimensis, Lecanorchis nigricans var. patipetala, Lecanorchis taiwaniana, lectotypification, mycoheterotrophy, taxonomy

A Flowering plant and B cleistogamous flowers of Lecanorchis nigricans var. nigricans in Oka, Kamitonda, Wakayama, Japan (its type locality). Photographed by Hirokazu Fukunaga 

C Flowering plant and D a flower of Lecanorchis nigricans var. patipetala in Haruno, Kochi, Japan.   E Flowering plant and F a flower of Lecanorchis nigricans var. yakusimensis collected in Hanaage River, Yakushima, Japan (its type locality).

Photographed by Hiroaki Yamashita.

Figure 1. Photographs of three varieties of Lecanorchis nigricans in their natural habitats.
A Flowering plant and B cleistogamous flowers of Lecanorchis nigricans var. nigricans in Oka, Kamitonda, Wakayama, Japan (its type locality). Photographed by Hirokazu Fukunaga
C Flowering plant and D a flower of Lecanorchis nigricans var. patipetala in Haruno, Kochi, Japan. Photographed by Hisanori Takeuchi
  E Flowering plant and F a flower of Lecanorchis nigricans var. yakusimensis collected in Hanaage River, Yakushima, Japan (its type locality). Photographed by Hiroaki Yamashita.

Taxonomic treatment 

Lecanorchis nigricans Honda emend. Suetsugu & Fukunaga

Type: JAPAN, Wakayama Pref., Nishimuro County, Iwata, Oka, date unknown 1931, K. Kashiyama s.n. (holotype TI!; Isotype TI!).

• Lecanorchis nigricans var. nigricans

• Lecanorchis nigricans Honda var. patipetala Y.Sawa emend. Suetsugu & Fukunaga

• Lecanorchis nigricans Honda var. yakusimensis T.Hashim. emend. Suetsugu & Fukunaga

Kenji Suetsugu, Chie Shimaoka, Hirokazu Fukunaga and Shinichiro Sawa. 2018. The Taxonomic Identity of Three Varieties of Lecanorchis nigricans (Vanilleae, Vanilloideae, Orchidaceae) in Japan. PhytoKeys. 92: 17-35.  DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.92.21657

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

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منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Crustacea • 2018] Takedactylus compressus & Lichtylus kaisha • Two New Species of Aphanodactylidae (Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ryukyu and Ogasawara Islands, Japan, with the Establishment of A New Genus ---ScRaBBlE

Takedactylus compressus

Naruse & Yoshida, 2018

  DOI:  10.1080/03946975.2017.1395163  ocha.ac.jp 

Abstract

A new species of Takedactylus Naruse & Maenosono, 2012, and a new genus and species of Aphanodactylidae are described from Japan. Takedactylus compressus n. sp. is collected from Ogasawara Islands. This new species is distinct from the only congener, Takedactylus masatsunei, by the shapes of the carapace, third maxilliped and the ambulatory legs. Another new species, monotypic Lichtylus kaisha n. gen., n. sp., is distinct from all other aphanodactylid species, in generic level, in the shape and position of the palp of third maxilliped, relatively long and slender ambulatory legs, and a combination of other important characters, i.e. the contour of the carapace, the degree of gap between third maxillipeds, condition of the distoflexor corners of second to fifth ambulatory propodi, and relative length of ambulatory dactyli. The present study brings the number of aphanodactylid taxa to 7 genera and 15 species.

Keywords: Taxonomy, new genus, new species, Brachyura, crab, Aphanodactylidae, Japan

Tohru Naruse and Ryuta Yoshida. 2018. Two New Species of Aphanodactylidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from the Ryukyu and Ogasawara Islands, Japan, with the Establishment of A New Genus.  Tropical Zoology.  DOI:  10.1080/03946975.2017.1395163

ゴカイと暮らす“ぺったんこ”なカニの新種を発見！ | お茶の水女子大学  ocha.ac.jp/news/20180116_01.html

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

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شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Ichthyology • 2017] Review of Schismatogobius (Gobiidae) from Japan, with the Description of A New Species, Schismatogobius ninja ---ScRaBBlE

Schismatogobius ninja  Maeda, Saeki & Satoh, 2017

DOI: 10.1007/s10228-017-0593-4 

Abstract

Three species of Schismatogobius de Beaufort 1912, distinguished by their morphology and mitochondrial DNA sequences, were found in freshwater streams in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. Although two species were previously known from Japan (S. roxasi Herre 1936 and S. ampluvinculus Chen, Shao, and Fang 1995), the taxonomy needs to be revised. To identify these species, the holotype morphology of S. marmoratus (Peters 1868), S. bruynisi de Beaufort 1912, and S. roxasi, originally described from the Philippines and Indonesia, were examined and re-described here, because relatively little information about their diagnostic characters was provided in the original descriptions. The three Japanese species were identified as S. ampluvinculus, S. marmoratus, and a new species. They were distinguished from each other and from their congeners by the banding pattern of the body, markings on the pectoral fins, pigment patterns on the ventral surface of the head and pelvic fin, body depth at the pelvic-fin origin, pre-anal length, and pectoral-fin ray counts. Although the new species had been regarded as S. roxasi in previous publications, we show that it is actually not S. roxasi and that it also differs from all other nominal species of Schismatogobius. This is described as a new species, Schismatogobius ninja. Additionally, this is the first record of S. marmoratus from Japan.

Keywords: Schismatogobius, Gobiidae, New species, Mitochondrial genome, Ryukyu Archipelago 

Fig. 7:  Schismatogobius ninja sp. nov. immediately after fixation.
a NSMT-P 127395, holotype (male, 30.4 mm SL), b URM-P 48711, paratype (male, 21.5 mm SL), c NSMT-P 127408, paratype (female, 21.8 mm SL), d NSMT-P 127400, paratype (19.6 mm SL) (photo by K. Maeda) 

Schismatogobius ninja Maeda, Saeki, and Satoh, sp. nov.

(Japanese name: Eso-haze)

Diagnosis. The new species is distinguished by a combination of the following characters: pectoral-fin rays 15–16 (usually 15); body relatively slender (depth at pelvic-fin origin 16.9–19.5% of SL); trunk relatively short (pre-dorsal length 35.5–39.1% of SL; pre-anal length 53.2–56.7% of SL; pre-anal-fin length 58.4–61.0% of SL; length of second dorsal-fin base 26.5–29.0% of SL; length of anal-fin base 22.3–25.9% of SL); two dark brown, transverse bands on posterior half of the body; pectoral fin with 1–5 black spots along each ray; pectoral fin often with one large, black vertical blotch on upper part, but blotch not extending to distal part; isthmus and gular region almost cream or white, often with some melanophores, but not densely pigmented; pelvic fin usually almost without pigmentation, but often lightly pigmented in larger males.

Distribution. All specimens described here with mitochondrial DNA sequences were collected from Okinawa Island in the Ryukyu Archipelago. Thirty-five non-type specimens collected from Okinawa, Ishigaki, and Iriomote islands were also identified as the new species, Schismatogobius ninja. Many authors reported “eso-haze” (regarded as Schismatogobius roxasi) in Japan and the range often included Amami-oshima Island, in addition to Okinawa, Ishigaki, and Iriomote islands (Yoshigou 2014). These records need to be verified by reexamination of the specimens. This species seems to have often been misidentified as “Schismatogobius ampluvinculus” (see Distribution section of S. ampluvinculus). In conclusion, the verified localities of S. ninja in Japan are Okinawa, Ishigaki, and Iriomote islands, but it may be found on some other islands in the Ryukyu Archipelago.

Ecology. All specimens were collected from the lower freshwater reaches of the streams, at 50 to 1,300 m from the upper limit of tidal fluctuations. This species was found on coarse sand and gravel bottoms of shallow areas (depth usually 5–30 cm) around rapids. Typical habitat was at the ends of the rapids (transitional areas from rapid to pool) with steady flow. These gobies usually stay on the bottom and often bury half of their body in the substratum (Fig. 10e). They prefer substrates with free gravel granules which can be moved easily by water flow, and they do not inhabit silty substrates. Body markings perfectly camouflage them on the gravel bottom of their habitats (Fig. 10e); therefore, they are hard to detect if they remain motionless.

Schismatogobius ninja is often found with S. ampluvinculus, and sometimes with Schismatogobius marmoratus. The most abundant syntopic species was Rhinogobius nagoyae Jordan and Seale 1906. Other gobies, such as Stiphodon percnopterygionus Watson and Chen 1998, Sicyopterus lagocephalus (Pallas 1770), Glossogobius illimis Hoese and Allen 2012, and Luciogobius ryukyuensis Chen, Suzuki, and Senou 2008 and amphidromous pipefish, Microphis leiaspis (Bleeker 1854), were also frequently observed with Schismatogobius ninja.

Etymology. Although the new species shows attractive coloration when viewed against a simple background, they are very cryptic against the gravel substrates of their habitats. The stealthy capacity of this species reminds us of Japanese “ninja,” which were known as masters of camouflage. Therefore, the new species is named Schismatogobius ninja. The new specific name is a noun in apposition.

Fig. 10: Live Schismatogobius ninja sp. nov. observed in streams on Okinawa Island
 (a, d, e 16 Mar. 2015; b 11 Oct. 2010; c 16 June 2008) (photos by K. Maeda)

Taxonomy of Japanese species

Schismatogobius ninja Maeda, Saeki, and Satoh, sp. nov.

(Japanese name: Eso-haze)

Schismatogobius ampluvinculus Chen, Shao, and Fang 1995

(Japanese name: Shima-eso-haze) 

 Schismatogobius marmoratus (Peters,1868)

(New Japanese name: Kaeru-eso-haze)

Fig. 13 Live Schismatogobius ampluvinculus observed in streams on Okinawa Island (a 16 June 2015, c 13 Aug. 2015) and Iriomote Island (b 10 Aug. 2006),   and Schismatogobius marmoratus observed in streams on Okinawa Island (d, e 16 Mar. 2015; f 29 Aug. 2009) (photos by K. Maeda)

Ken Maeda, Toshifumi Saeki, Chuya Shinzato, Ryo Koyanagi and Nori Satoh. 2017. Review of Schismatogobius (Gobiidae) from Japan, with the Description of A New Species.
 Ichthyological Research. xx; 1–22. DOI: 10.1007/s10228-017-0593-4

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

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شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Mollusca • 2017] Like A Bat Out of Heaven: the Phylogeny and Diversity of the Bat-winged Slugs (Heterobranchia: Gastropteridae) ---ScRaBBlE

(B) Gastropteron minutum sp. nov., Maui, Hawai’ian Islands, photo by Cory Pittman. 
(C) Gastropteron multo sp. nov., Mabini, Philippines. 

(E) Sagaminopteron multimaculatum sp. nov., Tingloy, Philippines.
 (F) Siphopteron vermiculum sp. nov., Tingloy, Philippines.

(C) Siphopteron makisig sp. nov., Calatagan, Philippines. 
(D) Siphopteron dumbo sp. nov., Puerto, Galera, Philippines.

Ong & Gosliner, 2017 in Ong, Hallas & Gosliner, 2017. 

 DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw018  

Abstract

A molecular phylogeny is presented for 25 newly sequenced specimens of Gastropteridae. The present phylogeny was estimated by analysing the nuclear fragment 28S and two mitochondrial fragments cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) and 16S using maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses. The distinctness of eight new species of Gastropteridae is supported by the molecular phylogeny and by subsequent Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD) analysis. Morphological data also support the distinctness of these species. The following species are described here: Gastropteron minutum Ong and Gosliner sp. nov., Gastropteron multo Ong and Gosliner sp. nov., Sagaminopteron multimaculatum Ong and Gosliner sp. nov., Siphopteron vermiculum Ong and Gosliner sp. nov., Siphopteron flavolineatum Ong and Gosliner sp. nov., Siphopteron nakakatuwa Ong and Gosliner sp. nov., Siphopteron makisig Ong and Gosliner sp. nov. and Siphopteron dumbo Ong and Gosliner sp. nov. All of these species, spanning much of the phylogenetic tree of Gastropteridae, are found in a single, highly diverse region of the Philippines, the Verde Island Passage. These data support the hypothesis that this region is an area of high species richness as well as phyletic diversity. This study also supports strong correlation between morphological characters and the molecular phylogeny within the species of Siphopteron. Molecular studies also indicate the distinctness of specimens of Siphopteron quadrispinosum from Hawaii and those from the western Pacific. Western Pacific specimens should be regarded as Siphopteron leah. Siphopteron pohnpei is transferred to Sagaminopteron based on the molecular phylogeny. Other species complexes indicating the presence of geographically separated cryptic species indicate that further detailed study of this group is warranted and that hidden diversity is likely to increase with additional study.

 (A) Gastropteron minutum sp. nov., partaype, CASIZ 199181, Tingloy, Philippines. (B) Gastropteron minutum sp. nov., holotype, CASIZ 209032, Maui, Hawai’ian Islands, photo by Cory Pittman. (C) Gastropteron multo sp. nov., holotype NMP 041181, Mabini, Philippines.

(D) Gastropteron multo sp. nov., paratype, CASIZ 186048, Mabini, Philippines. (E) Sagaminopteron multimaculatum sp. nov., holotype, NMP 041182, Tingloy, Philippines. (F) Siphopteron vermiculum sp. nov., Paratype, CASIZ 199129, Tingloy, Philippines.

(A) Siphopteron nakakatuwa sp. nov., partaype, CASIZ 199114, Tingloy, Philippines.  (C) Siphopteron makisig sp. nov., holotype NMP 041186, Calatagan, Philippines. (D) Siphopteron dumbo sp. nov., NMP 041187, Puerto, Galera, Philippines. 

 Photos by T. Gosliner unless otherwise indicated.

DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw018 

Living animals. (A) Gastropteron minutum sp. nov., partaype, CASIZ 199181, Tingloy, Philippines. (B) Gastropteron minutum sp. nov., holotype, CASIZ 209032, Maui, Hawai’ian Islands, photo by Cory Pittman. (C) Gastropteron multo sp. nov., holotype NMP 041181, Mabini, Philippines. (D) Gastropteron multo sp. nov., paratype, CASIZ 186048, Mabini, Philippines. (E) Sagaminopteron multimaculatum sp. nov., holotype, NMP 041182, Tingloy, Philippines. (F) Siphopteron vermiculum sp. nov., Paratype, CASIZ 199129, Tingloy, Philippines. (Photos by T. Gosliner unless otherwise indicated.) 

Living animals. (A) Siphopteron nakakatuwa sp. nov., partaype, CASIZ 199114, Tingloy, Philippines. (B) Siphopteron nakakatuwa sp. nov., holotype, NMP 041185, Tingloy, Philippines. (C) Siphopteron makisig sp. nov., holotype NMP 041186, Calatagan, Philippines. (D) Siphopteron dumbo sp. nov., NMP 041187, Puerto, Galera, Philippines.  (G) Siphopteron flavolineatum, holotype, NMP 041184, Tingloy, Philippines. (H) Siphopteron flavolineatum, paratype, CASIZ 199132, Tingloy, Philippines. Photos by T. Gosliner. 

CONCLUSIONS: 

Based on our morphological studies and molecular phylogeny, we confirmed that the eight new species hypothesized from our field observations of living animals all represent new species that are described here. Our molecular phylogeny also indicates the likely existence of geographically isolated cryptic species within previously classified specimens. Sagaminopteron psychedelicum from Madagascar appears to represent a cryptic species distinct from western Pacific populations, as is Sagaminopteron nigropunctatum from Saudi Arabia. Also, the western Indian Ocean specimen of S. tigrinum represents a cryptic species distinct from the western Pacific S. tigrinum. The lack of strong support for the monophyly of Gastropteron and Siphopteron requires additional study of taxa to determine whether greater support of these lineages is found when taxon sampling is increased. Also the phylogenetic and systematic relationship of Enotepteron needs to be examined when members of this taxon become available for molecular studies.

Elise Ong, Joshua M Hallas and Terrence M Gosliner. 2017. Like A Bat Out of Heaven: the Phylogeny and Diversity of the Bat-winged Slugs (Heterobranchia: Gastropteridae).  Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 180(4); 755–789.   DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw018 

     

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

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شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Ichthyology • 2017] Seahorses of the Hippocampus coronatus complex (Teleostei, Syngnathidae): Taxonomic Revision, and Description of Hippocampus haema, A New Species from Korea and Japan ---ScRaBBlE

Hippocampus haema

 Han, Kim, Kai & Senou, 2017

   DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.712.14955 

Abstract

Morphological and molecular analyses were conducted on 182 specimens belonging to the Hippocampus coronatus complex (H. coronatus sensu lato), collected in Korea and Japan 1933–2015, in order to clarify the taxonomic status of the species within this complex. Three species are recognized based on the shape of the coronet, the number of trunk rings (TrR) and tail rings (TaR), and presence or absence of a wing-tip spine (WS) at the dorsal fin base. Hippocampus coronatus Temminck & Schlegel, 1850 (H. coronatus sensu stricto), is diagnosed by 10 TrR, 37–40 TaR, an extremely high coronet (55.7–79.0 % head length) with four tips on the corona flat (CoT), and one WS. Hippocampus sindonis Jordan & Snyder, 1901 is diagnosed by 10 TrR, 35–38 TaR, a moderately high coronet (36.3–55.4 % HL) with five CoT, and no WS. A new species, Hippocampus haema is described on the basis of 140 specimens, characterized by 10 TrR, 35–38 TaR, a moderately high coronet (34.1–54.9 % head length) with four CoT, and two WS. Hippocampus haema is only known from the Korea Strait, western Kyushu, and East/Japan Sea. Recognition of the three species is supported by differences in mitochondrial DNA fragments (cytochrome b, 16S rRNA, and 12S rRNA).

Keywords: Genetic distance, morphology, molecular systematics, Pacific Ocean, taxonomy

Figure 4. Coloration of fresh specimens. A Hippocampus haema (paratype, PKU 9424) B H. coronatus (FAKU 137351) C H. sindonis (FAKU 137339). 

Hippocampus coronatus Temminck & Schlegel, 1850

  English name: Crowned seahorse,

New Korean name: -haema, Japanese name: Tatsu-no-otoshigo

Diagnosis: A species of Hippocampus having a bony body; double gill openings; ring (R: TrR + TaR) 10 + 37–40, mode 10 + 39 (lectotype: 10 + 38); extremely high coronet, straight or inclined backwards; CoT 4; CHGO 43.0–60.1 % HL; CHMC 55.7–79.0 % HL; WS thick and recurved.

Distribution: Southeastern coast of Honshu (Japan), from Izu Peninsula (Shizuoka Prefecture) to Boso Peninsula (Chiba Prefecture) (Fig. 1). Hippocampus coronatus lives in weed habitats, especially in floating Sargassum (Kuiter 2009; Senou 2013), within shallow areas (0–20 m depth).

Etymology: The Latin word coronatus means crowned. The new Korean name, Wanggwan-haema means ‘crowned seahorse’, in agreement with the English and scientific names. In fact, Haema, which has the connotation ‘common’ and ‘fish species belonging to the genus Hippocampus’ in Korean, has been used to name seahorses commonly found in Korea, whereas Wanggwan-haema has been informally used to refer to H. coronatus in Korean. In addition, the word wanggwan [crown] is more suited for H. coronatus, whose coronet is considerably higher than that of H. haema. The Japanese name Tatsu-no-otoshigo literally means ‘dragon’s bastard child’.


Hippocampus sindonis Jordan & Snyder, 1901

English name: Painted seahorse,

Korean name: Sindo-haema, Japanese name: Hanatatsu  

Diagnosis: A species of Hippocampus having a bony body; double gill openings; R 10 + 35–38 (holotype: 10 + 37); coronet moderately high; CoT 5; CHGO 26.8–41.0 % HL; CHMC 36.3–55.4 % HL; a very blunt or truncated spine on the dorsal fin base; no WS on dorsal fin base.

Distribution: Southeastern coast of Honshu (Japan), from Tanabe (Wakayama Prefecture) to Boso Peninsula (Chiba Prefecture) (Fig. 1). Hippocampus sindonis lives in a wide range of habitats, from shallow high-energy algae reefs to soft bottom habitats (Kuiter 2009), at 2–30 m depth (Senou 2013).

Etymology: The specific name sindonis was derived from the name of M. Sindo, an assistant curator of fishes at Stanford University (Jordan and Snyder 1901; Lourie 2016). The English name was coined by Kuiter (2009). The Japanese name Hanatatsu literally means ‘hana (flower or blossom, which indicates gorgeous) + tatsu (dragon, or the abbreviation of the word “Tatsu-no-otoshigo: seahorse”)’, and refers to the beautiful color and skin filaments of the species.




Hippocampus haema sp. n.

New English name: Korean seahorse,

Korean name: Haema, New Japanese name: Himetatsu

Hippocampus coronatus: Jordan and Snyder 1901: 19; Mori 1928: 5; Boeseman 1947: 195; Mitani 1956: 30; Chyung 1977: 272; Araga 1984: 89; Senou 1993: 489 (right fig.), 1294; Kim and Lee 1995: 76; Nakamura 1999b: 125; Senou 2000: 536; Choi et al. 2002: 141; Senou 2002: 536, 1508; Kim et al. 2005: 203; Choi et al. 2006; Yoshino and Senou 2008: 76; Kohno et al. 2011: 127; Senou 2013: 635, 1911; Han et al. 2014: 423 (non Temminck & Schlegel).

Hippocampus cf. coronatus: Kuiter 2009: 128.

Hippocampus sindonis: Nakamura 1999a: 124; Yoshino and Senou 2008: 76; Kim et al. 2013: 42 (non Jordan & Snyder).

Hippocampus kuda: Kim et al. 2001: 67, Myoung et al. 2002: 74 (non Bleeker).

Hippocampus sp.: Kim and Ryu 2017: 110.

Diagnosis: A species of Hippocampus having a bony body; double gill openings; R 10 + 35–38, mode 10 + 36 (holotype: 10 + 36); coronet moderately high and turned back on top; CoT 4; CHGO 22.7–41.6 % HL; CHMC 34.1–54.9 % HL; a WS on the dorsal fin base.

Distribution: Korea: southern and southeastern coasts of the Korean Peninsula (from Soan Island to Ulsan); Japan: western coast of Kyushu (western Kagoshima Prefecture), northwestern coast of Honshu (from Kyoto Prefecture to Akita Prefecture) (Fig. 1). Lives in floating Sargassum and weeds on shallow soft bottom habitats from 0–18 m depth (e.g. Kim et al. 2016).

Etymology: The Korean word Haema means ‘seahorse’, which connotes ‘representative’ and ‘common’. Thus, the scientific and Korean names Haema were chosen to indicate that this seahorse is the one most commonly found in Korea. The Japanese name Himetatsu means ‘princess seahorse’ or ‘dwarf seahorse’, and refers to its lower coronet and smaller body compared to H. coronatus.

 Sang-Yun Han, Jin-Koo Kim, Yoshiaki Kai and Hiroshi Senou. 2017. Seahorses of the Hippocampus coronatus complex: Taxonomic Revision, and Description of Hippocampus haema, A New Species from Korea and Japan (Teleostei, Syngnathidae). ZooKeys. 712: 113-139.  DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.712.14955

    

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Crustacea • 2017] Diogenes heteropsammicola • A New Species of Hermit Crab (Decapoda, Anomura, Diogenidae) Replaces A Mutualistic Sipunculan in A Walking Coral Symbiosis ---ScRaBBlE

 Diogenes heteropsammicola 

 Igawa & Kato, 2017

 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184311 

Abstract

Symbiont shift is rare in obligate mutualisms because both the partners are reciprocally dependent on and specialized to each other. In the obligate accommodation–transportation mutualism between walking corals and sipunculans, however, an unusual saltatory symbiont shift was discovered. In shallow waters of southern Japan, an undescribed hermit crab species was found living in corallums of solitary scleractinian corals of the genera Heterocyathus and Heteropsammia, replacing the usual sipunculan symbiont. We described the hermit crab as a new species Diogenes heteropsammicola (Decapoda, Anomura, Diogenidae), and explored its association with the walking corals. This hermit crab species obligately inhabits the coiled cavity of the corals, and was easily distinguished from other congeneric species by the exceedingly slender chelipeds and ambulatory legs, and the symmetrical telson. Observations of behavior in aquaria showed that the new hermit crab, like the sipunculan, carries the host coral and prevents the coral from being buried. This is an interesting case in which an organism phylogenetically distant from Sipuncula takes over the symbiotic role in association with a walking coral. The hermit crab species is unique in that its lodging is a living solitary coral that grows with the hermit crab in an accommodation–transportation mutualism.

Fig 6. Diogenes heteropsammicola sp. nov. in life. A, an individual in an aquarium, carrying the coral. 

Fig 6. Diogenes heteropsammicola sp. nov. in life. B, an individual removed from its host coral. Scale bar: 1 mm.

Taxonomic account

Genus Diogenes Dana, 1851

Diogenes heteropsammicola sp. nov.

Fig 7. Behavior of Diogenes heteropsammicola sp. nov.
A–C, sequence of behaviors to recover from an overturned to upright position in which the hermit crab leans out of the overturned coral (A), grasps the bottom with its ambulatory legs and left cheliped (B), and turns the coral upright using the pleon (C); D–F, sequence of behaviors to overcome burial in sediment, whereby the buried hermit crab (D) pushes away the sediment using its chelipeds and ambulatory legs (E), and then crawls away (F). 

Remarks: Diogenes heteropsammicola sp. nov. belongs to the D. edwardsii species group because of the intercalary rostriform process being smooth on the lateral margins, the antennal peduncle distinctly overreaching the distal corneal margin, and the antennal flagellum bearing a pair of long setae on the distal margin of each article ventrally. The new species is readily distinguished from all other species in this group by its exceedingly slender chelipeds and ambulatory legs, its symmetrical telson, red and white coloration, and the unique symbiotic habit with solitary corals.

Etymology: The new species is named after its mutualistic relationship with the solitary scleractinian corals of the genera Heteropsammia, keeping in mind that this hermit crab is also associated with Heterocyathus corals.

Distribution: At present, known only from Oshima Strait, between Kakeroma Island and Amami-Oshima Island, Kagoshima, Japan, depths of 60–80 m, and Ikomo Bay, western coast of Kakeroma Island, depth of 31 m.

Momoko Igawa and Makoto Kato. 2017. A New Species of Hermit Crab, Diogenes heteropsammicola (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura, Diogenidae), Replaces A Mutualistic Sipunculan in A Walking Coral Symbiosis. PLoS ONE. 12(9); e0184311.  DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184311

New hermit crab uses live coral as its home

phys.org/news/2017-09-hermit-crab-coral-home.html

   

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[PaleoOrnithology • 2017] Chupkaornis keraorum • The Oldest Asian Hesperornithiform from the Upper Cretaceous of Japan, and the Phylogenetic Reassessment of Hesperornithiformes ---ScRaBBlE

Chupkaornis keraorum

 Tanaka, Kobayashi, Kurihara, Fiorillo & Kano, 2017

 DOI: 10.1080/14772019.2017.1341960  

Abstract

Asian hesperornithiforms are extremely rare in contrast to the much more abundant record from North America. In Asia, these fossil birds are only known from fragmentary materials from Mongolia. Here we describe the skeletal remains of a new hesperornithiform Chupkaornis keraorum gen. et sp. nov. from the Upper Cretaceous Kashima Formation (Coniacian to Santonian) of the Yezo Group in Mikasa City, Hokkaido, Japan. This is the best-preserved hesperornithiform material from Asia and it is the first report of hesperornithiforms from the eastern margin of the Eurasian continent. Chupkaornis has a unique combination of characters: finger-like projected tibiofibular crest of femur, deep, emarginated lateral excavation with a sharply defined edge of the ventral margin of the thoracic vertebrae, and the heterocoelous articular surface of the thoracic vertebrae. Our new phylogenetic analysis revises the phylogenetic relationships of Hesperornithiformes. In contrast to previous studies, Enaliornis is assigned as the most basal taxon and Baptornis is positioned as more derived than Brodavis. Chupkaornis is a sister taxon to the clade of Brodavis and higher taxa. Parahesperornis and Hesperornis are positioned within Hesperornithidae, the derived Hesperornithiformes. Many of the skeletal character changes are concentrated at the base of Hesperornithidae (Parahesperornis and more derived taxa), and involve the modification of the pelvic girdle and hind limb morphology (e.g. dorsal directed antitrochanter of pelvis, short and sprawled femur, including probable lobe-toed feet suggested by the specialized distal articular surface of first digit of fourth toe, and predominantly robust digit IV phalanges). These skeletal modifications are likely adaptations for foot-propelled diving behaviour.

Keywords: Hesperornithiformes, diving birds, fossil birds, Late Cretaceous, new species

 Japan's first and oldest fossil diving bird,  Chupkaornis keraorum.

Life reconstruction by Masato Hattori 

Systematic palaeontology

Avialae Gauthier, 1986

Ornithuromorpha Chiappe, 2002a

Hesperornithiformes Fürbringer, 1888

Chupkaornis gen. nov.

Etymology. Chupkaornis, from the combination of the Ainu word ‘chupka’, meaning ‘eastern’, and the Greek ‘ornis’ for bird.

Chupkaornis keraorum sp. nov.

Etymology. Named after Masatoshi and Yasuji Kera, who discovered the specimen and contributed greatly to the Mikasa City Museum. 

Holotype. MCM.A773; a partial skeleton of a single individual including four cervical and two thoracic vertebrae, the distal ends of the left and right femora, and the middle part of the right fibula. 

Locality and age. Kumaoi Creek, one branch off Lake Katsurazawa, Mikasa City, Hokkaido, Japan; Kashima Formation (Coniacian to Santonian), Upper Cretaceous Yezo Group.

 Conclusions:

A new hesperornithiform, Chupkaornis keraorum gen. et sp. nov. (MCM.A773) from the Late Cretaceous of Japan, is the first record of the group from the eastern margin of the Eurasian continent and the oldest record for this avian group from Asia. The new material is the best-preserved Asian hesperornithiform specimen recovered thus far, and provides new palaeobiogeographical insights for the broad taxonomic group as well as significant new anatomical data. Chupkaornis keraorum is diagnosed by a unique combination of characters from thoracic vertebrae and femur. 

A phylogenetic analysis suggests that C. keraorum is a basal hesperornithiform. The new taxon is more derived than Pasquiaornis and more basal than Brodavis. The present analysis also suggests new phylogenetic relationships within the Hesperornithiformes; Enaliornis is the most basal hesperornithiform, and Baptornis advenus is a more derived taxon than Brodavis. The evolutionary rate calculation indicates that the rate of change is much higher within basal members of the Hesperornithidae compared to later branches. This rate change suggests that the most important morphological changes for highly foot-propelled diving adaptation are concentrated at the base of the Hesperornithidae.

Tomonori Tanaka, Yoshitsugu Kobayashi, Ken'ichi Kurihara, Anthony R. Fiorillo and Manabu Kano. 2017. The Oldest Asian Hesperornithiform from the Upper Cretaceous of Japan, and the Phylogenetic Reassessment of Hesperornithiformes. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. DOI: 10.1080/14772019.2017.1341960 

Amateur collectors in Japan discover country's first and oldest fossil diving bird  phy.so/421422532 via @physorg_com

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

من هنا

او

من هنا

شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.