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Wednesday, March 20, 2019

[Botany • 2017] A Revision of Middletonia (Gesneriaceae) in Thailand ---ScRaBBlE

Middletonia gebosa C.Puglisi: A. Habit, showing young fruit; B. Flowers; M. reticulata (Barnett) C.Puglisi: D. Habit; E. Flowers.

Photographs by Preecha Karaket (A, C–E) and David Middleton (B).

Puglisi & Middleton. 2017. DOI: 10.20531/tfb.2017.45.1.07

ABSTRACT

The genus Middletonia in Thailand is revised. We recognise four species, including the newly described Middletonia glebosa C.Puglisi and the resurrected M. reticulata (Barnett) C.Puglisi. A key to the species, full descriptions and proposed conservation assessments are provided.

KEYWORDS: taxonomy, new species, Flora of Thailand

Figure 1. Middletonia gebosa C.Puglisi: A. Habit, showing young fruit; B. Flowers; M. reticulata (Barnett) C.Puglisi: D. Habit; E. Flowers.

Photographs by Preecha Karaket (A, C–E) and David Middleton (B).

MIDDLETONIA C.Puglisi,

Taxon. 65: 286. 2016.

Type species: Middletonia multiflora (R.Br.) C.Puglisi.

Five species, found in India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, China, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam and Malaysia. Four in Thailand.

1. Middletonia evrardii (Pellegr.) C.Puglisi, Taxon. 65: 286. 2016

Distribution.— Lao PDR, Vietnam.

Thailand.— EASTERN: Nakhon Ratchasima, CENTRAL: Nakhon Nayok

Ecology.— Evergreen forest.

Note.— The material from Thailand differs slightly from the Vietnamese material, especially in the leaf shape which is more elongated and with an acute apex in the Thai specimens. As there are rather few specimens from throughout the distribution range, with no floral material from Thailand available for dissection, further collections are necessary to assess whether the Thai and Vietnamese plants belong to one or more species.

2. Middletonia glebosa C.Puglisi, sp. nov.

Similar to Middletonia regularis in having the inflorescences shorter than the leaves and to Middletonia reticulata in the shortly caulescent habit. Differs from both in having a dense indumentum on the adaxial side of the leaf, with glands and eglandular hispid hairs (upperleafsurface glabrescent or minutely glandular in Middletonia regularis, glabrescent in M. reticulata), and in the short, non-twisted, lumpy and irregular fruit (longer, weakly to strongly twisted, smooth and regular in M. regularis and M. reticulata).

Type: Thailand, Sukhothai, Ram Kham Haeng National Park, Khao Luang, alt. 520 m, 11 Oct. 2012, fr., Middleton, Karaket, Suddee & Triboun 5559 (holotype E [E00547434]; isotypes BK, BKF [SN201922]).

Distribution.— Cambodia.

Thailand.— NORTHERN: Sukhothai.

Ecology.— Mixed deciduous forest with bamboo on granite bedrock.

Etymology.— The specific epithet is the Latin adjective glebosus, -a, -um, which means “lumpy” and refers to the peculiar surface of the capsule.

Notes.— In Ram Kham Haeng National Park this species grows in a mixed population with Middletonia reticulata. The two are readily told apart in the field by Middletonia glebosa having softer, paler leaves, a shorter inflorescence, generally slightly smaller flowers, and the curious short, straight, lumpy fruit. The species is known only from Ram Kham Haeng National Park and a single collection made around 150 years ago in Cambodia. The Cambodian collection, placed in Paraboea regularis by Xu et al. (2008), is only in fruit so the identification will need to be verified with flowering material. However, the fruit of this species is rather distinctive.

3. Middletonia regularis (Ridl.) C.Puglisi, Taxon. 65: 287. 2016.

Distribution.— Malaysia.

Thailand.— PENINSULA: Surat Thani, Phangnga; SOUTH-WESTERN: Kanchanaburi.

Ecology.— Lowland evergreen forest on limestone soils.

Note.— The protologue of Paraboea monticolasuggests the flowers to be much larger: “lobes … 6–9 × c. 6.5 mm”. However, none of the material available for this study had lobes longer than 3.3 mm.

4. Middletonia reticulata (Barnett) C.Puglisi, comb. nov.

— Boea reticulata Barnett, Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc. 20: 20. 1961.

Type: Thailand, Chiang Mai, Mae Wang

Ecology.— Mixed deciduous forest on granite bedrock.

Distribution.— Currently endemic to Thailand but possibly also occurring in Lao PDR and Myanmar.

Thailand.— NORTHERN: Mae Hong Son; Chiang Mai; Lamphun; Lampang; Phrae; Sukhothai.

Note.— This species is resurrected from synonymy of Middletonia multiflora (R.Br.) C.Puglisi from which it differs in the distinctively reticulate venation pattern covered in loose brown indumentum on the lower surface of the leaves, and in the auriculate leaf base. Middletonia multiflora has a denser indumentum on the leaf and the tertiary venation is less densely reticulate and less visible altogether. Middletonia multiflora is widespread along the northern distribution of the genus (from India to Vietnam), but none of the material from Thailand studied can be attributed to M. multiflora.

Carmen Puglisi and David J. Middleton. 2017. A Revision of Middletonia (Gesneriaceae) in Thailand. THAI FOREST BULL., BOT. 45(1); 35–41. DOI: 10.20531/tfb.2017.45.1.07

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

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منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

رابط مدونة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات في أي وقت حــــتى لو تم حذفها من هنا
شاهد صفحة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على الفيس بوك لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

ملاحظة هامة: كل عمليات تنزيل، رفع، وتعديل المواضيع الجاهزة تتم بطريقة آلية، ونعتذر عن اي موضوع مخالف او مخل بالحياء مرفوع بالمدونات الجاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات، ولكم ان تقوموا بحذف هذه المواضيع والمشاركات والطريقة بسيطة وسهلة. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــسلامـ.

[Botany • 2017] Saracha andina • A New Species of Saracha (Solanaceae) from the Central Andes of Peru ---ScRaBBlE

Saracha andina Rob. Fernandez, I. Revilla & E. Pariente

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.85.12607

Abstract

Saracha andina Rob. Fernandez, I. Revilla & E. Pariente, sp. nov. (Solanaceae), a new species endemic to the central Andes of Peru, is described here. The new species differs from other species of Saracha Ruiz & Pav. by the combination of small and coriaceous leaves and clearly tubular flowers. A summary of the taxonomic history of the genus Saracha, an identification key for its species and a phylogenetic analysis of this genus and related genera are provided.

Keywords: Saracha, Solanaceae, Peru, Andes, relict forests

Saracha andina Rob. Fernandez, I. Revilla & E. Pariente, sp. nov.

Saracha andina affine S. punctata Ruiz & Pav., sed foliis coriaceus parvus, corolla tubularis et bacca ovoideus differt.

A Saracha punctata (R. Fernandez et al. 260; MOL) B Saracha quitensis (S. Smith 257; MO) C Saracha andina (P. Gonzáles et al. 3385; USM) E Saracha punctata (R. Fernandez 998; MOL) F Saracha quitensis (S. Smith 257; MO) G Saracha andina (R. Fernandez et al. 973; MOL).

Photos by: A, E, G Robin Fernandez; B, F Stacey Smith; C Paul Gonzáles.

Figure 3. Saracha species. A Saracha punctata (R. Fernandez et al. 260; MOL) B Saracha quitensis (S. Smith 257; MO) C Saracha andina (P. Gonzáles et al. 3385; USM) D Saracha andina (R. Fernandez et al. 973; MOL) E Saracha punctata (R. Fernandez 998; MOL) F Saracha quitensis (S. Smith 257; MO) G Saracha andina (R. Fernandez et al. 973; MOL).

Photos by: A, D, E, G Robin Fernandez; B, F Stacey Smith; C Paul Gonzáles.

Distribution and habitat: Saracha andina is a shrub endemic to the scrub and relict forests in the central Andes of Peru (Depts. Ayacucho, Huancavelica and Lima) at over 3500 to 4000 m in elevation (Fig. 2). Saracha andina grows in stony areas, on slight to moderate slopes, and near creeks. Populations of this species in the Ayacucho region have been recorded to occur in relict forest with a maximum height from 4 to 5 meters dominated by Polylepis microphylla (Wedd.) Bitter and accompanied by Escallonia myrtilloides L.f., sharing the understory with Berberis lutea Ruiz & Pav. and Hesperomeles obtusifolia (Pers.) Lindl.

Ecology: Flowering and fruiting from June to September. Characteristics of the flower suggest pollination by hummingbirds (Faegri and van der Pijil 1979). In the forest where S. andina was collected, we observed hummingbirds such as Metallura phoebe and Oreotrochilus estella, common species in relict forests of “Queñuales” (Servat at al. 2002). These birds may be pollinators of this new species.

Common name and uses: In Pachaca (Dept. Ayacucho) it is commonly known as “checc-ches” in where the native people mention that strong and straight branches had been used for yarning wool (pers. comm.).

Robin Fernandez-Hilario and Stacey D. Smith. 2017. A New Species of Saracha (Solanaceae) from the Central Andes of Peru. PhytoKeys. 85; 31-43. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.85.12607

Resumen: Saracha andina Rob. Fernandez, I. Revilla & E. Pariente, sp. nov. (Solanaceae), una nueva especie endémica de los Andes centrales del Perú se describe aquí. La nueva especie se distingue de las demás especies de Saracha Ruiz & Pav. por poseer hojas coriáceas pequeñas y flores claramente tubulares. Se proporciona un resumen de la historia taxonómica del género Saracha, una clave de identificación revisada para sus especies y un análisis filogenético del género y géneros afines.

Palabras clave: Saracha, Solanaceae, Perú, Andes, bosques relictos

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

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شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

[Herpetology • 2017] Pristimantis ecuadorensis • Diversification of the Rainfrog Pristimantis ornatissimus in the Lowlands and Andean Foothills of Ecuador ---ScRaBBlE

Pristimantis ecuadorensis

Guayasamin, Hutter, Tapia, Culebras, Peñafiel, Pyron, Morochz, Funk & Arteaga, 2017

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172615

Abstract

Geographic barriers and elevational gradients have long been recognized as important in species diversification. Here, we illustrate an example where both mechanisms have shaped the genetic structure of the Neotropical rainfrog, Pristimantis ornatissimus, which has also resulted in speciation. This species was thought to be a single evolutionary lineage distributed throughout the Ecuadorian Chocó and the adjacent foothills of the Andes. Based on recent sampling of P. ornatissimus sensu lato, we provide molecular and morphological evidence that support the validity of a new species, which we name Pristimantis ecuadorensis sp. nov. The sister species are elevational replacements of each other; the distribution of Pristimantis ornatissimus sensu stricto is limited to the Ecuadorian Chocó ecoregion (< 1100 m), whereas the new species has only been found at Andean localities between 1450–1480 m. Given the results of the Multiple Matrix Regression with Randomization analysis, the genetic difference between P. ecuadorensis and P. ornatissimus is not explained by geographic distance nor environment, although environmental variables at a finer scale need to be tested. Therefore this speciation event might be the byproduct of stochastic historic extinction of connected populations or biogeographic events caused by barriers to dispersal such as rivers. Within P. ornatissimus sensu stricto, morphological patterns and genetic structure seem to be related to geographic isolation (e.g., rivers). Finally, we provide an updated phylogeny for the genus, including the new species, as well as other Ecuadorian Pristimantis.

Pristimantis ecuadorensis sp. nov. Guayasamin, Hutter, Tapia, Culebras, Peñafiel, Pyron, Morochz, Funk, Arteaga.

Eleutherodactylus ornatissimus Lynch & Duellman 1997, in part.

Pristimantis ornatissimus Arteaga, Bustamante & Guayasamin 2013, in part.

Suggested common name in English: Ecuadorian Rainfrog

Suggested common name in Spanish: Cutín de Ecuador

Diagnosis: Pristimantis ecuadorensis is characterized by the following combination of characters: (1) skin on dorsum shagreen, that on venter smooth; discoidal fold defined posteriorly, (2) tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus evident, oval, (3) snout long, acuminate in dorsal view, rounded in profile, (4) upper eyelid lacking tubercles, (5) dentigerous process of the vomer present, bearing teeth, (6) males having vocal slits and Type I nuptial pads, (7) first finger shorter than second, (8) fingers with lateral fringes, (9) ulnar tubercles absent, (10) heel and tarsus lacking tubercles or folds, (11) inner metatarsal tubercle oval, 4–5x round outer metatarsal tubercle, (12) toes bearing lateral fringes; webbing absent; discs large; fifth toe much longer than third, (13) in life, greenish yellow dorsum with transversal black stripes that may form a reticulated pattern; iris light blue to grayish green or grayish yellow; in preservative, dorsum cream with black stripes, and (14) SVL in adult males 25.4 mm (n = 1) and 37.1–40.2 in adult females (n = 2).

Distribution: Pristimantis ecuadorensis is known only from three nearby localities on the western slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes, provinces of Cotopaxi and Pichincha, at elevations between 1450–1480 m. The localities are: 3 km NE of San Francisco de Las Pampas, Palo Quemado, and Tandapi. With the information at hand, the distribution of P. ornatissimus sensu stricto is constrained to the Chocoan lowlands and Pacific Andean foothills (< 1100 m) of Ecuador.

Natural History: Information for Pristimantis ecuadorensis is mainly available from the type locality (Fig 8), San Francisco de Las Pampas, a forested valley along the Río Toachi, located at 1480 m in the northwestern slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes. The locality has a mean annual precipitation of 2325 mm. In this area, P. ecuadorensis is found in primary forest and closely associated with the leaf axils of bromeliads, Heliconia plants and palm fronds (genera Ceroxylon and Wettinia) (field notes of Giovanni Onore, César Tapia, and W. E. Duellman). Additionally, the species is associated with banana (Musa paradisiaca) and sugar cane plantations (Saccharum officinarum) bordering native forest (Fig 9). In these ecosystems, P. ecuadorensis perch on top of leaves or inside leaf axils (~15–150 cm above the ground), creased leaves or moss of epiphytic plants, and have been heard calling from them. Additionally, by inspecting fecal samples, we found the remains of beetles, crickets and spiders. In captivity, females of P. ecuadorensis reach sexual maturity after 14 months, and males start vocalizing after 10 months.

Etymology: The specific name ecuadorensis refers to the Republic of Ecuador, where the species is endemic. The name is intended to highlight the overwhelming beauty, and cultural and biological diversity of Ecuador.

Fig 1. Color variation in sequenced Pristimantis ornatissimus sensu stricto and Pristimantis ecuadorensis sp. nov. in Ecuador.

Juan M. Guayasamin, Carl R. Hutter, Elicio E. Tapia, Jaime Culebras, Nicolás Peñafiel, R. Alexander Pyron, Carlos Morochz, W. Chris Funk and Alejandro Arteaga. 2017. Diversification of the Rainfrog Pristimantis ornatissimus in the Lowlands and Andean Foothills of Ecuador. PLoS ONE. 12(3): e0172615. DOI: 1371/journal.pone.0172615

‘Spectacular-looking’ endangered frog species discovered in Ecuador’s cloud forests http://source.colostate.edu/spectacular-looking-endangered-frog-species-discovered-ecuadors-cloud-forests/

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

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شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

[Herpetology • 2017] Geckolepis megalepis • Off the Scale: A New Species of Fish-scale Gecko (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Geckolepis) with Exceptionally Large Scales from the Limestone Karst of Ankarana in northern Madagascar ---ScRaBBlE

Geckolepis megalepis

Scherz, Daza, Köhler, Vences & Glaw, 2017

DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2955

Abstract

The gecko genus Geckolepis, endemic to Madagascar and the Comoro archipelago, is taxonomically challenging. One reason is its members ability to autotomize a large portion of their scales when grasped or touched, most likely to escape predation. Based on an integrative taxonomic approach including external morphology, morphometrics, genetics, pholidosis, and osteology, we here describe the first new species from this genus in 75 years: Geckolepis megalepis sp. nov. from the limestone karst of Ankarana in northern Madagascar. The new species has the largest known body scales of any gecko (both relatively and absolutely), which come off with exceptional ease. We provide a detailed description of the skeleton of the genus Geckolepis based on micro-Computed Tomography (micro-CT) analysis of the new species, the holotype of G. maculata, the recently resurrected G. humbloti, and a specimen belonging to an operational taxonomic unit (OTU) recently suggested to represent G. maculata. Geckolepis is characterized by highly mineralized, imbricated scales, paired frontals, and unfused subolfactory processes of the frontals, among other features. We identify diagnostic characters in the osteology of these geckos that help define our new species and show that the OTU assigned to G. maculata is probably not conspecific with it, leaving the taxonomic identity of this species unclear. We discuss possible reasons for the extremely enlarged scales of G. megalepis in the context of an anti-predator defence mechanism, and the future of Geckolepis taxonomy.

Geckolepis megalepis Scherz, Daza, Köhler, Vences & Glaw, 2017

DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2955

Figure 3: Specimens of Geckolepis megalepis sp. nov. in life.
(A) A specimen observed by A. Anker (photograph used with permission); (B) a specimen observed by FG, and (C) a specimen photographed after scale loss, with inset indicating the transparent ‘tear zone’ at the base of a scale. None of the photographed animals were collected, but their attribution to G. megalepis is clear on the basis of the large size of their scales. Note that the tails of all three specimens are regenerated.

DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2955

Diagnosis. A species of the genus Geckolepis based on its overall morphology and large, fish-like scales (similar to cycloid scales in terms of the extent of overlap), as well as its phylogenetic position (Lemme et al., 2013; Fig. 1). Geckolepis megalepis differs from all of its congeners by the possession of the following suite of characters: innermost pair of postmental scales in broad contact (condition A/B, Fig. 4), SVL ≤ 69.5 mm, infralabials to anterior margin of eye 4.5–4.8, 17–18 scales rows around the midbody, 27–31 ventral scales between the postmentals and the vent, and the absence of a dark lateral stripe, and typical midbody dorsal scales measuring 7.3–8.3% of the SVL in length. Osteologically, G. megalepis is characterised by a narrow infraorbital fenestra, a bulging nasal cavity, nasals with straight sides, a well developed anterior extension of the subfrontal process, a notched premaxilla-vomer fenestra, scapular ray of scapulocoracoid not surpassing the clavicle, and posteriorly curved pubic tubercle of the pubis. Additionally, it is separated by an uncorrected pairwise genetic distance in the mitochondrial ND4 gene of ≥10.1% from all other lineages of Geckolepis and has a unique CMOS haplotype (Lemme et al., 2013).

Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the two Greek stems μέγας (mégas) meaning ‘very large’ and λεπίς (lepís) meaning ‘scale’, and refers to the large size of the scales of this species in comparison to its congeners and other geckos, which aids also in its diagnosis.

Habitat, natural history, and conservation status. Geckolepis megalepis was observed active at night both in the rainy and dry seasons, on trees (see Figs. 3A–3B) and tsingy limestone rock. When captured, these geckos showed a strong tendency to autotomize large parts of their scales, leading to partly ‘naked’ geckos without any visible (bloody) lesions (Fig. 3C). In a subjective comparison this tendency appeared to be even more developed than in other Geckolepis species.

Mark D. Scherz, Juan D. Daza, Jörn Köhler, Miguel Vences and Frank Glaw. 2017. Off the Scale: A New Species of Fish-scale Gecko (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Geckolepis) with Exceptionally Large Scales. PeerJ. 5:e2955. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2955

A new species of gecko with massive scales and tear-away skin!
https://eurekalert.org/e/7hWp via @ThePeerJ @EurekAlert

New Gecko Sheds Skin on Demand, Looks Like Raw Chicken
http://www.nationalgeographic.com.au/animals/new-gecko-sheds-skin-on-demand-looks-like-raw-chicken.aspx

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

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شاهد هذا الفيديو القصير لطريقة التحميل البسيطة

منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات

كيف تحصل على مدونة جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات من هنا

شاهد قناة منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بألاف المواضيع والمشاركات على اليوتيوب لمزيد من الشرح من هنا

تعرف على ترتيب مواضيع منتدى مدونات بلوجر جاهزة بآلاف المواضيع والمشاركات (حتى لا تختلط عليك الامور) من هنا

[Botany • 2017] Danxiaorchis yangii • the Second Species of Danxiaorchis (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae), from Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve, Jiangxi, China ---ScRaBBlE

Danxiaorchis yangii B. Y. Yang et Bo Li

DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.5

Abstract

Danxiaorchis yangii (Calypsoinae, Epidendreae, Epidendroideae), a holomycotrophic new species from Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve, western Jiangxi, eastern of China, is here illustrated and described based on both morphological and phylogenetic evidences. The new species can be easily distinguished from D. singchiana by its much smaller flowers and larger Y-shaped callus adaxially bearing a additional obovoid appendage, and by its four pollinia narrowly elliptic in shape and equal in size.

Keywords: Danxiaorchis, Jinggangshan Mountains, Jiangxi orchids, phylogenetic analysis, Monocots

FIGURE 3. Morphology of Danxiaorchis yangii B. Y. Yang et Bo Li, sp. nov. (A–I).
A. Flowering in nature habitat and rhizome (showed in the black circle); B. Front view of a flower; C. Bottom view of labellum, showing two sacs; D. Front view of the Y-shaped appendage of labellum; E. Upper view of a labellum with column; F. Side view of a labellum with column; G. Side view of the Y-shaped appendage of the labellum; H. Capsule; I, Pollinarium.

Scale bars: B = 1 cm; C, D, E = 5 mm; F, G, I = 1 mm; H = 1 cm. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.5

Taxonomy

Danxiaorchis yangii B. Y. Yang et Bo Li, sp. nov.

Diagnosis:— Danxiaorchis yangii obviously differs from D. singchiana in its Y-shaped callus adaxially bearing a remarkable obovoid appendage, and in its four pollinia narrowly elliptic in shape and equal in size.

Etymology:— The specific epithet refers to the family name of the first author, Pro. Boyun Yang, who devotes himself to the conservation of orchids biodiversity in Jiangxi Province, China.

Distribution and habitat:— To date, the species was discovered only from Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve in western Jiangxi, eastern of China. It occurs in nearly the same longitude as D. singchiana but in higher latitude (Fig. 4). D. yangii frequently grows at the margin of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, under mixed shrubs and bamboo forest, in wet places at elevations of 360 m a.s.l.

Discussion:

With the characteristic large Y-shaped appendage on its labellum, D. yangii is a certainty member of the genus Danxiaorchis, and it was well supported by molecular phylogenetic analyses based on combined datasets of ITS and matK (Fig. 1). After thorough morphological comparison between D. yangii and D. singchiana, we found that D. yangii can be easily distinguished from D. singchiana in many aspects (Fig. 3). Superficially the plants of i. yangii are shorter than those of D. singchiana, and its flowers are much smaller, whereas its Y-shaped appendages are much larger than those of D. singchiana. Besides, the adaxial side of the Y-shaped appendages in D. singchiana is flat or slightly raised, while in D. yangii, the adaxial side additionally bears a remarkable obovoid appendage with its size ca. 3.0–3.5 mm in diameter (Fig. 3 G vs. b). Furthermore, there is an essential difference between D. yangii and D. singchiana: the four pollinia of D. yangii are narrowly elliptic in shape and equal in size, while those of D. singchiana are subobovoid-globose with two pollinia unequal in size in each pair (Fig. 3 I vs. c). Consequently, we found out that D. yangii can be treated as a distinct species, which is the second species in Danxiaorchis.

Boyun Yang, Shihe Xiao, Yawen Jiang, Huolin Luo, Dongjin Xiong, Junwen Zhai and Bo Li. 2017. Danxiaorchis yangii sp. nov. (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae), the Second Species of Danxiaorchis. Phytotaxa. 306(4); 287–295. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.306.4.5

Danxiaorchis (J.W. Zhai, F.W. Xing et Z.J. Liu in Zhai et al. 2013)

Zhai, J.W., Zhang, G.Q., Chen, L.J., Xiao, X.J., Liu, K.W., Tsai, W.C., Hsiao, Y.Y., Tian, H.Z., Zhu, J.Q., Wang, M.N., Wang, F.G., Xing, F.W. and Liu, Z.J. 2013. A new orchid genus, Danxiaorchis, and phylogenetic analysis of the tribe Calypsoeae. PloS One. 8: e60371. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060371

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

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[Botany • 2017] Impatiens tanintharyiensis • A New Species (Balsaminaceae) from Southern Myanmar ---ScRaBBlE

Impatiens tanintharyiensis Ruchisansakun, Suksathan & Saw-Lwin

DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.296.2.6

Abstract

Impatiens tanintharyiensis Ruchisansakun, Suksathan & Saw-Lwin from the Tanintharyi region of Southern Myanmar is described and illustrated as a new species. The presence of connate lateral united petals and a four-locular ovary, as well as results of molecular phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ITS and plastid atpB-rbcL spacer DNA sequences, suggest that the new species is a member of Impatiens section Semeiocardium (Zoll.) S.X. Yu & Wei Wang. The new species is morphologically most similar to I. spectabilis Triboun & Suksathan, but can be distinguished by its asymmetric flowers, saccate-bucciniform lower sepal, and shorter, slightly incurved spur. Floral traits, including the presence of a large ﬂoral chamber with a wide entrance, are consistent with the bee-pollination syndrome in Impatiens. Since I. tanintharyiensis is only known from two small populations, its conservation status is assessed as Endangered.

Keywords: floral asymmetry, Impatiens, lithophyte, Myanmar, Semeiocardium, taxonomy, Eudicots

Impatiens tanintharyiensis Ruchisansakun, Suksathan & Saw-Lwin

DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.296.2.6

Impatiens tanintharyiensis Ruchisansakun, Suksathan & Saw-Lwin is morphologically similar to I. spectabilis Triboun & Suksathan but can be distinguished by having asymmetric flowers due to anticlockwise distorted lateral united petals, a saccate-bucciniform lower sepal, and a shorter, slightly incurved spur.

Type:— MYANMAR. Tanintharyi Region: Dawei, Thet Kal Kwet Village. ...

Distribution:— Endemic to Southern Myanmar (Tanintharyi Region), only known from two localities.

Ecology:— Growing among decaying organic material on low granular metamorphic rock of granitic schist facies (Phongphat Prasong, pers. comm), along a waterfall at 146–155 m above sea level.

Etymology:— The specific epithet refers to its locality, the Tanintharyi region of Myanmar.

Common name:— Tanintharyi Dan Pan, Tanintharyi balsam.

Pollination ecology:— A recent comparative study of floral morphology and pollination ecology demonstrated that the closely related and morphologically similar I. daraneenae, is pollinated by bees (Ruchisansakun et al. 2016). The presence of a large floral chamber with a wide entrance are traits associated with bee pollination in Southeast Asian Impatiens (Ruchisansakun et al. 2016). Based on the traits of the new species, we hypothesize that the new species is also bee-pollinated.

Saroj Ruchisansakun, Piyakaset Suksathan, Timotheüs van der Niet, Saw Lwin and Steven B. Janssens. 2017. Impatiens tanintharyiensis (Balsaminaceae), A New Species from Southern Myanmar. Phytotaxa. 296(2); 171–179. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.296.2.6

New Flower Species Found in Tanintharyi
https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/new-flower-species-found-tanintharyi.html

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

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[Botany • 2017] Revised Treatment of Mozambican Memecylon (Melastomataceae — Olisbeoideae), with Descriptions of Four New Species in Memecylon section Buxifolia ---ScRaBBlE

Memecylon incisilobum R.D. Stone & I.G. Mona

in Stone, Mona & Ramdhani, 2017

DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.1

Abstract

Memecylon sect. Buxifolia R.D. Stone (Melastomataceae, Olisbeoideae) is a group of forest shrubs and small understory trees distributed from tropical East Africa (Kenya and Tanzania) to eastern South Africa and with a disjunct occurrence in Madagascar. Previous authors had recognized three species of this section as occurring in Mozambique, i.e., M. natalense Markgr., M. torrei A. Fern. & R. Fern. and M. insulare A. Fern. & R. Fern. Here we describe four new species of M. sect. Buxifolia from Mozambique and adjacent parts of Malawi and Tanzania: Memecylon incisilobum R.D. Stone & I.G. Mona, M. nubigenum R.D. Stone & I.G. Mona, M. rovumense R.D. Stone & I.G. Mona and M. aenigmaticum R.D. Stone. In accordance with previous molecular results, M. incisilobum and M. nubigenum are semi-cryptic species that had been confused with M. natalense (considered here to be a South African endemic). Memecylon rovumense and M. aenigmaticum had also been confused with M. natalense, but their conspicuously verrucose-wrinkled fruits indicate a closer affinity with M. torrei. We assess the conservation status of each new species according to the IUCN Categories and Criteria, and provide an identification key to the seven species of Memecylon currently recognized in the flora of Mozambique.

Keywords: Eudicots, Africa, Melastomataceae, Memecylon, Mozambique, new species, plant conservation, plant taxonomy

FIGURE 2. Memecylon incisilobum.
A. Leafy branchlet; B. Trunk showing character of the bark. C. Flower. D. Fruiting branchlet.

Photographs in A–C by John Burrows; in D by Hermenegildo Matimele.

Memecylon incisilobum R.D. Stone & I.G. Mona, sp. nov.

Etymology:—The epithet incisilobum is an adjective referring to the incised calyx-lobes, this being one of the main features distinguishing this species from M. natalense.

Memecylon nubigenum R.D. Stone & I.G. Mona, sp. nov.

Etymology:—The epithet nubigenum is a compound derived from the Latin noun nubis meaning “cloud” and the verb gignere meaning “to be born.” It functions as an adjective and means “born of or originating from the clouds.” It is a reference to the habitat in mountains of northern Mozambique and southern Malawi.

Memecylon rovumense R.D. Stone & I.G. Mona, sp. nov.

Etymology:—The epithet rovumense is an adjective used to indicate geographical origin, i.e., to emphasize that the new species is an endemic of the Rovuma region of northern Mozambique and southeastern Tanzania. The region itself gets its name from the Rovuma River which forms the border between these two countries.

Memecylon aenigmaticum R.D. Stone, sp. nov.

Etymology:—The epithet aenigmaticum is an adjective based on the Greek noun ainigma meaning mysterious or difficult to interpret or understand. It is in reference to the fact that this new species has been previously confused with both M. natalense and M. rovumense (q.v.).

Robert Douglas Stone, Imercia Gracious Mona and Syd Ramdhani. 2017. Revised Treatment of Mozambican Memecylon (Melastomataceae—Olisbeoideae), with Descriptions of Four New Species in M. section Buxifolia. Phytotaxa. 331(2); 151–168. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.1

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روابط التحميل والمشاهدة، الروابط المباشرة للتحميل

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[Botany • 2017] Danxiaorchis yangii • the Second Species of Danxiaorchis (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae), from Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve, Jiangxi, China ---ScRaBBlE

[Botany • 2017] Impatiens tanintharyiensis • A New Species (Balsaminaceae) from Southern Myanmar ---ScRaBBlE

[Botany • 2017] Revised Treatment of Mozambican Memecylon (Melastomataceae — Olisbeoideae), with Descriptions of Four New Species in Memecylon section Buxifolia ---ScRaBBlE

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